Download Exploration PP

EXPLORATION
&
EXPANSION
Chapter 13
Wieczerzak
What was their motives for
exploring?
• GOD
• GLORY
• GOLD
Why did Europe need a cheaper
trade route to Asia?
?
Museum of St. Sophia (Hagia Sophia).
Istanbul, Turkey
Cut out the middle man!
What products did the European
merchants want from the East?
• Spices
• Preserve & flavor foods/ medicinal/ perfumes
• Precious metals. Of course!
What country took the lead in
exploration?
• Portugal
• 1420 Prince Henry
The Navigator
sponsored sailors
to sail along the
coast of Africa.
EAST
The Gold Coast
• Discovered a new
source of gold.
Portuguese
• Bartholomeu Dias
• 1488
• Rounded the
southern tip of
Africa
• Cape of Good Hope
Portuguese
• Vasco Da Gama
(1498) First of many profitable trips!
Portuguese gained control of
the spice trade
• 1509 Portuguese destroyed a Turkish
(Muslim) & Indian fleet off the coast
of India
• Portuguese seized control of the port
of Melaka. (set up trading posts)
• This helped destroy Arab control of
the spice trade.
What new technology did these
explorers use to aid them on their
trips?
Astrolabe
Cartography – map making
Caravel
Compass
Spain’s search for spices
• In 1492 Columbus
sailed the ocean blue…
• set sail for Asia by
traveling
Christopher
Columbus
• Hispaniola
• Isles of the Caribbean
How did the Spanish & Portuguese
avoid any problems over land claims?
• Pope Alexander VI
set a Line of
Demarcation,
giving to Spain
rights to any land
west of the line
and to Portugal,
rights to any land
east of the line.
What were the Spanish conquerors
of the Americas called?
• Conquistadors
• Hernan Cortes
• Francisco Pizarro
Spanish Empire
• Encomienda
• Native Americans were used for laborers. On
the plantations and mines.
•
•
•
•
Violence
Forced labor
Starvation
Disease
• Wiped out nearly all of the Native Americans.
The Slave Trade
What discovery brought about the need
for more slaves? (think: exploration!)
The discovery of the Americas in the 1490’s.
Sugarcane plantations
Triangular trade
What was the Purpose of the
triangular trade.
• Provided a market for:
• 1 – European goods to (Africa).
• 2 - Slaves from Africa to (the Americas).
• 3 – Raw materials from the Americas to
(Europe).
Growth of slave trade
• In roughly 300 years
some 10-11 million
Africans were brought to
the Americas as slaves.
How did they get there?
The Middle Passage!
Why so many?
Death rates on the trip
over and the need to
replenish their workforce
How did the slave trade effect the
people of Africa?
• Depopulated large areas.
• Increased warfare.
• Destroyed families.