Download Exploration

Exploration
World History A
Seminar #7
Warm Up: Using the information on page
409 in the textbook, describe the role
Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal
played in world wide exploration.
Portugal Sails Eastward
• Established a school for
improving sailing and
navigational techniques.
• Goal: reach India and
intercept the spice trade
before it traveled through
Muslim territory.
• Designed new ships - the
caravel - prepared maps,
and trained sailors in new
navigational tools such as
the astrolabe. (page 409)
Portuguese Exploration
• 1488 – Bartholomeu Dias rounded the
Southern tip of Africa at the Cape of
Good Hope.
• 1497 – Vasco da Gama finally reached
the spice port of Calicut in India
• 1500 – Portuguese seize key Indian
Ocean spice trade ports
Christopher Columbus
• Persuaded Ferdinand
and Isabella of Spain
to finance his voyage
• 1492 - Sailed west to
reach spice islands
• Reached land on
October 12.
• Claimed discovered
lands for Spain
• Claim led to a huge
Spanish empire
Christopher Columbus
• Persuaded Ferdinand
and Isabella of Spain
to finance his voyage
• 1492 - Sailed west to
reach spice islands
• Reached land on
October 12.
• Claimed discovered
lands for Spain
• Claim led to a huge
Spanish empire
The Explorers
• 1513 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa: crossed
Isthmus of Panama to discover the Pacific
Ocean
• 1519 to 1521– Ferdinand Magellan
expedition sails west from Spain. First to
circumnavigate the globe.
• 1500 – Amerigo Vespucci, went on several
voyages and wrote letters describing the
lands he saw. These letters led to the use of
the name America (after Amerigo) for the
new lands.
The Conquistadors
• Conquistador – conqueror. Name for the
Spanish explorers who claimed lands in
the Americas in the 1500s and 1600s.
• Hernan Cortes – conquered the Aztec
empire in Mexico in 1519. Brought down
Aztec emperor Moctezuma with superior
weapons (guns), horses and disease
• Francisco Pizarro – conquered Incan
empire in Peru in 1522.
The Conquistadors
• Conquistador – conqueror. Name for the
Spanish explorers who claimed lands in
the Americas in the 1500s and 1600s.
• Hernan Cortes – conquered the Aztec
empire in Mexico in 1519. Brought down
Aztec emperor Moctezuma with superior
weapons (guns), horses and disease
• Francisco Pizarro – conquered Incan
empire in Peru in 1522.
Columbian Exchange
• European conquest
of the new world
brought changes on
both sides
• Movement of goods
and ideas from each
side is called the
Columbian
Exchange.
• Watch the video and
complete the Chart.
England and France
• New France – territory
stretched along the
Mississippi River from
Quebec in the North to
Louisiana on the Gulf of
Mexico.
• English built their first
colony at Jamestown,
Virginia in 1607
• By late 1700s, the English
had established 13
colonies
• Dutch and Portuguese
also established colonies
in the New World
Triangular Trade
• Began in 1500s to fill the need for labor in Spain’s
American empire.
• The Arab empire also used slave labor, often captives
taken from Africa
• Warring African nations traded their captives for
weapons.
• The Atlantic slave trade formed one part of a three
pronged trade network known as the Triangular Trade.
• First leg: goods to Africa in exchange for slaves
• Second leg: (Middle Passage) African slaves taken to
New World to work on Plantations. Exchanged for
molasses, tobacco and sugar.
• Final leg: Products shipped to Europe.
Triangular Trade