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The Archaic Period 620 to 490/80 BCE • The Archaic Period was the time when Aesop was writing his fables as a Greek slave. • Artists competed for commissions by wealthy individuals and city council members. • Commissions included temples, shrines, government buildings, monumental sculpture, and ceramic wares. Temple Architecture • 2 Greek standard elevation designs (columns) emerged: – 1. – 2. Doric Ionic • Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy 550 BCE • 50 miles south of modern day Naples • Stone post and lintel structure What type of columns? Architectural Sculpture • High relief: 3-D image or design whose flat background surface is carved away to a high depth. • Caryatids: columns carved in the form of draped women. • Gorgon Medusa • West pediment of the Temple of Artemis, Korkya, 580 BCE, Limestone. • Example of ______? • Treasury of the Siphnians • Built in the Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi • 530-525 BCE • The continuous frieze and pediment show high relief • This slide depicts, “Gods and the Giants,” which is one of the earliest movements towards a more natural representation of space. • This is a narrative scene with a groundline and the overlapping characters create depth. • Dying Warrior, Doric Temple of Aphaia at Aegina • 480 BCE, Marble • Cleverly designed to hit in the corner of the pediment. Freestanding Sculpture • Lifesize of larger, these sculptures would be standing or in stride with one foot in front of the other. • Brightly painted (even though we can’t see it anymore) • Kore: female statue • Kouros: male statue • • • • Standing Youth (Kouros) 580 BCE, Marble Attica, Greece Echoes the style of Egypt with regard to rigid arms, clenched fists, and the forward stride. • Artist is interested in capturing anatomy. • Hair is patterned with consistent knots. • Archaic smile: close-lipped smile specific to the Greek Archaic period • Kroisos Kouros • Cemetery at Anavysos, Athens • 530 BCE, Marble • Powerful, round body • A continual interest in artist’s rendering the human body with more detail • Stride, arms, fists, hair, and archaic smile Berlin Kore Cemetery at Keratea, Athens 570 - 560 BCE, Marble <6 ft. tall Texture of drapery echoes the indentions of flutes. Holding a pomegranate, the attribute for Persephone, who was abducted by Hades. • Peplos Kore • Acropolis, Athens • 530 BCE, Marble • peplos: garment, draped rectangular cloth • Motionless, vertical, stylized hair • More of a feminine figure compared to Berlin Kore. • Kore (from Chios?) • 520 BCE, Marble • Rich drapery, softer features, and lifelike anatomy • Chiton: like a peplos, but fuller of ornate detail • Calf Bearer • Acropolis, Athens 560 BCE • Archaic smile, tufted hair, wideopen eyes • Cow is depicted with perceptive detail in relation to the twisting position. Archaic Vase Painting During the Archaic period, Athens = center for manufacture and trade for pottery. Athens adopted the Corinthian blackfigure style. • Francois Vase, 570 • Black-figure on volute-krater • One of the earliest examples of where the potter and painter signed work. • Dionysos and Maenads, Amphora • Amphora: all purpose storage jar • Amasis painter, distinctive patterning and strong shapes, figures disregard real space (opposite of the high relief on frieze at Treasury of Siphnians) • Suicide of Ajax, 540 BCE black-figure on amphora, by painter Exekias • Considered the finest of Athenian vase painters, took subjects from Greek history Ajax • Ajax was a fearless warrior, only behind Achilles. • Tree on the left and shield on the right encapsulates the contemplative scene. • Balance. • Priam Painter, Women at a Fountain House • Hydria: water jug • 520-510 BCE Black figure on hydria • Priam depicted everyday life, doric columns, contrast btw porcelain skin vs. black peplos Introduction of red-figure decoration was Introduced in the last 3rd of the 6th century. If you can read this, stand up • Death of Sarpedon, red-figure on calyx krater, painted by Euphronios. Balance • Balance between vertical and horizontal lines. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Gracias para su atención