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Ardrossan Academy Dead Earth Subtopic – SPACE – Earth, Moon & sun 1 Ambition – Respect - Excellence Lesson Title: Earth, Sun & Moon Learning Intention:. To understand the movement of the Earth and Moon around the Sun and the effects this causes Activity: Stellarium software I will be successful if I can : Explain how the Moon orbits the Earth as it orbits the Sun, causing the phases of the Moon and the changing seasons 2 Ambition – Respect - Excellence DAY & NIGHT SUNLIGHT NIGHT DAY axis • The Earth Rotates on its axis once every 24 hours • The side facing the Sun is in daylight - DAY • The side facing away is in darkness - NIGHT SEASONS • Earth’s axis is tilted • In winter we are tilted away from the Sun • short days, cold temperatures • In summer we are tilted towards the Sun • long days, warm temperatures LONGEST DAY Arctic circle • June 21st • Summer Solstice • Earth’s axis is tilted as far towards the Sun as it can be • Sun does not set anywhere above the Arctic Circle SHORTEST DAY Arctic circle • December 21st • Winter Solstice • Earth’s axis is tilted as far away from the Sun as it can be • Sun does not rise anywhere above the Arctic Circle EQUAL DAY & NIGHT • Two days have precisely 12 hours of day & 12 hours of night EQUINOXES • September 21st • AUTUMNAL EQUINOX • March 21st • VERNAL EQUINOX THE SUN • The Sun is our nearest STAR • It is at the centre of our SOLAR SYSTEM • Earth is 160 million km from the Sun • The Sun is the source of ALL the energy on the Earth THE SUN • We get energy from the Sun as • LIGHT • HEAT (INFRA RED) • The Sun also emits • • • • ULTRA VIOLET (UV) RADIO WAVES X-RAYS GAMMA RAYS THE SUN RADIO UV X-RAY • Astronomers look at all of these waves to find out more about the sun and other stars. THE MOON • The Earth’s only natural satellite • Orbits at a distance of 360,000 km • Orbits every 28 days • Does NOT give off light it REFLECTS light from the Sun THE MOON • Our view of the moon changes during its orbit • The PHASE of the moon depends on how much of the part of the moon we see is illuminated by the Sun ECLIPSES • Eclipses happen when the Sun, Moon and Earth line up • There are two types of Eclipse • SOLAR ECLIPSE • Sun ‘disappears’ • LUNAR ECLIPSE • Moon ‘disappears’ SOLAR ECLIPSE • Earth passes into Moon’s shadow. • Moon ‘blocks out’ the Sun • Last happened Mar ‘15 LUNAR ECLIPSE • Moon passes into Earth’s shadow • Moon is ‘blocked out’ • Happens several times a year