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SOLAR SYSTEM • The Sun • Eight Major Planets • 3 Dwarf Planets • Sixty-one satellites of the planets • Many Comets and asteroids 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) SUN • 75% hydrogen and 25% helium by mass • Nuclear Fusion in Core • Hydrogens conbine to produce helium and energy H + H He + ENERGY 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) MERCURY • Closest to sun • Appears to travel fastest • Smallest planet • No atmosphere – Cold at night, hot in day 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) VENUS • Close in size to Earth • Brightest • Thick atmosphere (holds in heat) • 400 oC 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) EARTH • period of rotation: 24 hours • period of orbit 365.25 days • LIFE – liquid water – Protective atmosphere – oxygen 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) MARS • Solid carbon dioxide is found at the poles • Mars is known as the Red Planet • Lots of Rust! (Iron Oxide) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) JUPITER • Largest Planet • It is about 11 times the radius and 330 times the mass of the earth. • a ball of gas and liquid (mostly hydrogen and helium). • GIANT RED SPOT = Hurricane 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) SATURN • • Saturn: – gas giant. – strong surface winds (500 m/sec) – Rings, Rings, Rings The Most Moons: – 11/15/99 Titan is the big one, and is larger than planet Mercury! Norm Herr (sample file) URANUS • Sideways planet • Thin ,faint rings of rock, and or ice 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) NEPTUNE • The blue coloration is probably due to the presence of methane • Farthest planet Note the apparent storms 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) PLUTO • Pluto is very small as planets go, only 0.002 Earth masses. (neither terrestrial or a gas Giant) • From 1979 to 1999 was closer to sun than Neptune!! A dwarf planet 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) PLANET DEFINITION: • Orbits the Sun (or a star) • Its orbit is clear of other objects • Has sufficient gravity to cause it to be round 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) Sample Quiz Questions Question: Which of the planets are rocky? Answer: The inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) Sample Question 2 • Which of the planets has the most satellites? Saturn! 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) NATURAL SATELLITES • WHICH PLANET HAS THE MOST 25 MOONS? 20 Mercury Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto 15 10 5 0 11/15/99 Herr (sample file) Number Norm of Moons