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Transcript
The Renaissance Chapter 13 Part 2 Renaissance Art Differed from Medieval Art Italian Art differed from that in Northern Europe Medieval Art Medieval Painting Usually religious scenes and themes Idealized with stylized and generic faces Purpose: to convey the essence of the topic Flat; one-dimensional Medieval Sculpture Relief rather than free-standing Stiff and idealized Medieval Architecture Romanesque to Gothic: Pointed arches, spires, busy details, no symmetry Italian Renaissance Painting Classical model: Often Religious scenes BUT Secular themes Showcased unique and distinctive individuals NOT generic or stylized Faces expressed emotion Three-dimensional due to: shading, use of color, perspective Italian Renaissance Art Sculpture: free-standing Nude Copied classical (Greek and Roman) models Celebrated individuals; not religion Italian Renaissance Art Architecture: Classical models Rounded arches Balance Square Angles Symmetry Domes Restraint during the High Renaissance New Techniques Perspective: delivered a 3-demensional effect Chiaroscuro: The use of dark and light colors to give the impression of depth Sfumato: Blurring or softening of lines (da Vinci) New Techniques In sculpture…Contrapposto: a more natural stance with one foot in front of the other In Northern Europe More detail…especially in the background More emotion than Italians Used Oil-Based paint ( the Italians used tempura but will borrow the oil-based from the North) Frequently a preoccupation with death North was less classical & more religious Reflected Christian Humanism The Italian Renaissance Began… In the Quatracento (1400’s) In Florence The Medici’s were among the first with Donatello’s David for Lorenzo’s wedding Then the Sforza's of Milan commissioned da Vinci’s Last Supper Donatello’s David Donatello The first artist since antiquity to sculpt a freestanding nude figure da Vinci’s The Last Supper da Vinci’s Mona Lisa da Vinci…a true Renaissance Man Artist Inventor You name it Patronage… Was one way to flaunt one’s wealth Artists worked by accepting commissions Artists were respected and paid well Artists were sometimes seen as geniuses Local churches were also patrons of the arts Brunelleschi’s Il Duomo was built for Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral Il Duomo The largest dome in Europe in its time Brunelleschi was called the Father of Perspective Ghiberti’s two sets of doors were for Santa Maria del Fiore’s baptistery The Door Panels Were called the Gates of Paradise by Michelangelo Ghiberti won a contest against Brunelleschi and won the right to sculpt the bronze doors Michelangelo’s David was intended for this baptistery Giotto Was considered the first Renaissance Painter Three Panels The Lamentation Giotto’s Lamentation Michelangelo’s David By the Cinquecento (1500’s) Rome was the leader Renaissance popes spent big bucks: Alexander VI Julius II Leo X Commissioned by the Church: Michelangelo’s: Dome at St. Peter’s Cathedral Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel The Pieta Michelangelo’s Dome at St. Peter’s Michelangelo’s Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel Michelangelo’s Pieta The Pieta At St. Peter’s Cathedral Considered to be the most perfect marble statue ever Raphael Was a student of Michelangelo and da Vinci Painted LOTS of the Madonna and Child But also…School of Athens Raphael’s School of Athens Masaccio The first painter of the Renaissance to portray real, nude human figures in three dimensions Note the use of perspective The Expulsion of Adam and Eve Botticelli’s Birth of Venus Note the contrapposto Titian The greatest painter of the Venetian school Titian’s The Presentation of the Virgin