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AP European History Jeopardy Out of the Dark? Renaissance l’Uomo Universal e Reformation Religious Quarrels Exploration $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Answer This tiny “pest” caused a demographic catastrophe in 14th century Europe. Question What is Yersinia Pestis, or the Black Death? Answer These people wandered from town to town whipping themselves to cleanse themselves of sin during the Plague years. Question Who are the Flagellants? Answer This protracted conflict began as a dynastic quarrel between the English monarchy and the French. Question What is the Hundred Years’ War? Answer With competing Popes in Rome and Avignon, this period saw a decline in the influence of the Church in Europe. Question What is the Great Schism? Answer The development of Vernacular Literature is embodied in this English author’s Canterbury Tales. Question Who is Geoffrey Chaucer? Answer This banking family of Florence were important patrons of the arts in the Renaissance. Question Who were the de’ Medici? Answer This intellectual movement emphasized the study of classic literary and historical works of Greece and Rome. Question What was Humanism? Answer The politician and diplomat Niccolò Machiavelli used the ruthless Cesar Borgia as a model of the ideal leader in this book. Question What is The Prince? Answer This woman, known as the “first lady of the world,” demonstrated that women were capable of political and cultural leadership. Question Who was Isabella d’Este? Answer The book by Baldassare Castiglione which prescribed that a noble man should not be just a warrior, but also educated, graceful, and a cultured advisor to his prince. Question What is The Book of the Courtier? Answer This Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect and poet earned the nickname il Divino. Question Who was Michelangelo Buonarroti? Answer This Renaissance man was not only a painter, sculptor, poet and architect, but kept journals of his prolific scientific ideas, anatomical studies and inventions (including the tank and the helicopter). Question Who was Leonardo da Vinci? Answer The painter and architect Raphael, in addition to painting the School of Athens for the pope, was known for numerous works illustrating this religious theme. Question What is the Madonna and Child? Answer The popular book and movie The da Vinci Code used this painting to further its plot concerning secret messages hidden in Leonardo’s work. Question What is The Last Supper? Answer This Renaissance architect famously designed the first dome in Europe since the Roman Empire -- the Duomo in Florence. Question Who was Filippo Brunelleschi? Answer This critic of the Church “Laid the egg that Luther hatched.” Question Who is Desiderius Erasmus? Answer In this satirical work, Erasmus made fun of the elaborate rituals and loose morals of contemporary Catholic monasteries. Question What is In Praise of Folly? Answer This intellectual movement was deeply religious, as well as steeped in the classics, in contrast to its Italian counterpart. Question What is Northern, or Christian Humanism Answer This devoutly Catholic English lawyer became Henry VIII’s closest advisor, before he “lost his head” over the English Reformation. Question Who was Sir Thomas More? Answer “The Lord has been pleased to grant us the Papacy. Let us enjoy it.” This Pope sparked the Reformation. Question Who is Pope Leo X? Answer “Here I stand. I can do no other.” Is how this man stood his ground against the Church and the Holy Roman Emperor. Question Who is Martin Luther? Answer This is the central tenet of Lutheranism and Protestantism in general and the only way to gain salvation. Question What is Justification by Faith? Answer One of Luther’s 95 Theses objected to the sale of these “to redeem innumerable souls for sordid money with which to build a basilica.” Question What are indulgences? Answer This group of Protestants, persecuted by Catholics, Lutherans and Calvinists alike, believed that the sacrament of baptism should only be entered into by adults. Question Who are Anabaptists? Answer Though Protestantism kept the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper (Communion), they rejected this miraculous Catholic belief regarding the ritual. Question What is Transubstantiation, or the transformation of the bread and wine into the body and blood of Jesus? Answer This Genoan explorer died convinced he had found a western route to the Indies in Asia. Question Who is Christopher Columbus (Cristobo Columbo)? Answer Though this son of the Portuguese monarch never went on a voyage, his nickname might make you think so. Question Who is Prince Henry the Navigator? Answer This dominant 17th century economic theory held that the volume of trade was unchangeable and that a nation’s prosperity depended on its supply of bullion, or gold and silver. Question What is Mercantilism? Answer If you carried English guns and gin to Africa, traded those goods for captured Africans, shipped this “cargo” to the Americas and traded them for tobacco, sugar and coffee to sell back in Europe, you were participating in this lucrative business. Question What is the Triangular Trade? Answer This new form of commercial organization made it possible for individuals to buy small shares of a company and earn dividends on the profits. Question What is a Joint-Stock Company?