Download the renaissance - Social-Studies

THE RENAISSANCE
1. What does the word 1. Renaissance means
‘Renaissance’ mean?
‘rebirth’
2. Where, in Europe,
2. The Renaissance began in
did the Renaissance
Italy
begin?
3. The Renaissance was a
3. What is the
time of political, social,
Renaissance?
economic, and cultural
change and creativity
European Middle Ages
Mr. Blais
Ideas of the Renaissance
• This was a time of
reawakened interest in
classical learning, classical
art, and Ancient Rome
• People developed new
attitudes towards culture
and learning.
• People changed their focus
from the afterlife to the life
in the here and now and
developed a new emphasis
on individual achievement.
Italian Beginnings
• Since Italy was the center of
Roman history Italy was a
natural place for this
reawakening of classical
learning and culture to take
place.
• Italy was also divided into
many separate city-states with
strong guilds and wealthy
merchant classes (No central
King) which gave them a
strong sense of independence
and a lot of wealth to explore
new learning opportunities.
Humanism
• Humanism was an intellectual
movement of the Renaissance
which focused on worldly
subjects and human
achievements rather than
religious issues. (Very secular)
• Humanists studied the classical
subjects such as literature,
poetry, philosophy, and history.
• They used Greek and Roman
texts as their sources of
information and combined those
with their own history and
experiences.
Humans
VS
Religion
Renaissance Art
• Renaissance art reflected
humanistic ideals combined with
Greek and Roman styles.
• Many Renaissance sculptures were
modeled after ancient Greek and
Roman designs.
• Artists also developed new
techniques such as perspective, the
ability to make paintings look three
dimensional. (Some objects look
closer than others.)
• Their studies of human anatomy
also allowed for some of the most
realistic paintings and sculptures
people have ever seen to this point.
Francesco Petrarch
• He was an early
Renaissance humanist
and a Poet (Called the
father of Renaissance
Humanism
• He helped assemble a
library of Greek and
Roman texts in order
to expose others to
these works.
• He also wrote poems
called Sonnets to
Laura.
Donatello
• He was mainly a
sculptor
• He made an early
statue of David
(Biblical boy who
would become a great
king.
• This statue was the
first European free
standing nude
sculpture since ancient
times.
Leonardo da Vinci
• He was a painter,
sculptor, inventor,
architect, and engineer.
• He his well known for
painting the Mona Lisa
and The Last Supper.
• He is also very well
known for his sketch of
the Vitruvian Man and
many of these other
inventive sketches.
(Flying machines,
parachutes, mechanical
machines)
Michelangelo
• He was a sculptor,
engineer, painter,
architect, and poet.
• Some of his best
known sculptures
are the Pieta and his
statue of David.
• He is also known for
his work in the
Sistine Chapel
Raphael
• He was mainly a
painter.
• He is known for his
painting called
School of Athens.
• He is also well
known for his
portraits of Mary,
the mother of Christ
and his painting
called Betrothal of
the Virgin.
Filippo Brunelleschi
• He was mainly an
architect.
• He constructed a
magnificent dome on
the top of the Santa
Maria Cathedral in
Florence.
• He modeled it after
the Pantheon in
Rome.
• His dome = 42 m
• Pantheon = 43 m
Baldassare Castiglione
• He was a Renaissance
writer
• His most famous
book was The Book of
the Courtier.
• Ideal courtier or
“Renaissance Man” is
well-educated, wellmannered, and has
mastered many fields
including poetry,
music, and sports.
Niccolo Machiavelli
• He was a Renaissance
writer
• His most famous work
was called The Prince.
• He discussed real world
politics, he claimed:
• That the end justifies the
means
• Results were more
important than promises
• Rulers should use all
necessary means to
achieve their goals
Jan Van Eyck
• He was a Flemish
painter
• Was one of the first
painters to use oil
paints.
• These allowed for
bright vibrant colors
and the use of subtle
variations in color
schemes throughout
the painting
Pieter Bruegel
• He was a Flemish
painter.
• Most famous work is a
Peasant Wedding.
• Was well known for his
sophisticated use of oil
paint.
• Used rich color, vivid
and realistic detail of
each individual in his
paintings
William Shakespeare
• He was an English
playwright
• Drew his inspiration
from Greek, Roman,
and English history.
• Had a deep
understanding of
human nature and
human beings.
• Works such as Romeo
and Juliet, King Lear,
Hamlet, Othello, etc
Erasmus
• He was Dutch writer
and theologian
• Most famous work was
The Praise of Folly,
which attacked the
corrupt Church leaders
and practices.
• Believed people should
study the Bible to
improve society and that
being a good Christian
came from the heart.
Thomas Moore
• He was an English
writer
• His most famous
work was Utopia
• He described his idea
of a prefect society
without greed,
corruption, war, or
even a currency of
any kind.
Johann Gutenberg
• He was a German
inventor
• His most famous
invention was the Printing
Press
• This allowed for the
quick reproduction of
books
• Made books cheaper and
more readily available
which increased literacy
and education throughout
Europe