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The Digestive system
By: Simon Tetrault
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
Bibliography
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The Mouth
The human digestive system is a complex
series of organs and glands that
processes food. In order to use the food
we eat, our body has to break the food
down into smaller molecules that it can
process; it also has to excrete waste.
The Esophagus
After being chewed and swallowed, the
food enters the esophagus. The
esophagus is a long tube that runs from
the mouth to the stomach. It uses
rhythmic, wave-like muscle movements
(called peristalsis) to force food from the
throat into the stomach.
The Stomach
The stomach is a large, sack-like organ
that churns the food and bathes it in a very
strong acid (gastric acid). Food in the
stomach that is partly digested and mixed
with stomach acids is called chyme.
The Small intestine
The long, thin winding tube that food goes
through after it leaves the stomach.
The large Intestine
The long, wide tube that food goes through
after it goes through the small intestine.
The Liver
A large organ located above and in front of
the stomach. It filters toxins from the
blood, and makes bile (which breaks down
fats) and some blood proteins.
The Appendix
The appendix or vermiform appendix;
also cecal or caecal appendix; also
vermix is a blind-ended tube connected to
the cecum, from which it develops
embryologically.
Pancreas
The pancreas is a glandular organ in the
digestive system and endocrine system of
vertebrates.
The Gall Bladder
In vertebrates the gallbladder (cholecyst,
gall bladder, biliary vesicle) is a small
organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and
concentrates bile produced by the liver.
Enzymes
Enzymes are large biological molecules
responsible for the thousands of chemicals
interconversions that sustain life.
Bile Duct
A bile duct is any of a number of long
tube-like structures that carries bile.
Mucus
vertebrates, mucus (adjectival form:
"mucous") is a slippery secretion produced
by, and covering, mucous membranes.
Mucous fluid is typically produced from
mucous cells found in mucous glands.
Chemical Digestion
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical
breakdown of food into smaller
components that are more easily absorbed
into a blood stream, for instance.
Mechanical Digestion
The digestive system is of vital biological
importance to the body. Without the ability
to process foods, extract nutrients, and
eliminate waste, every part of our body
would cease to function.
Salivary Amylase
Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses
the breakdown of starch into sugars.
Amylase is present in human saliva,
where it begins the chemical process of
digestion.
Absorption
Absorption (chemistry), absorption of particles of
gas or liquid in liquid or solid material.
Absorption (skin), a route by which substances
can enter the body through the skin.
Absorption (pharmacokinetics), absorption of
drugs in body.
CO2 scrubber, the absorbent in a rebreathe.
Villi
Intestinal villi (singular: villus) are small,
finger-like projections that protrude from
the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall.
Gastric Juices
Gastric acid is a digestive fluid, formed in
the stomach. It has a pH of 1.5 to 3.5 and
is composed of hydrochloric acid (around
0.5%, or 5000 parts per million) as high as
0.1 N[1], and large quantities of potassium
chloride and sodium chloride.
Duodenum
The duodenum is the first section of the
small intestine in most higher vertebrates,
including mammals, reptiles, and birds.
Chyme
Chyme, "juice"[1][2]) is the semi fluid
mass of partly digested food expelled by
the stomach into the duodenum.[3]
Anus
The anus is the place were your digested
food goes.