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Health Concerns Health Anatomy Digestive Anatomy Mouth Teeth/ Tongue/ Saliva Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Bowel Allergies & Intolerance A food allergy is an immune system response to a food that the body mistakenly believes is harmful. Can lead to death Food intolerance is the inability to properly digest or fully process certain foods – Examples: lactose, yeast, gluten, sugar sensitivity. Illnesses Food Poisoning Results from eating bacteria contaminated food All foods are susceptible Symptoms may include abdominal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, fever Examples Salmonella, E. Coli Anemia The three main classes of anemia include • excessive blood loss • excessive blood cell destruction • deficient red blood cell production Signs/ Symptoms – fatigue, dizziness, irritability, headaches, pale appearance Arthritis Osteoarthritis Cause – decrease in cartilage around joints Signs/ Symptoms – pain, stiffness, limited motion, cracking Blood Pressure Systolic – measurement of pressure against the artery walls when the heart is pumping Diastolic – measurement of pressure against the artery walls when the heart is at rest Examples Normal Hypertension High Systolic 120 or below 120 – 139 140 or above Ways to reduce Avoid salt, sugar, caffeine, limit alcohol Increase vegetable intake (potassium) Exercise Stop smoking Diastolic 80 or below 80 – 90 90 or above Heart Burn Esophageal sphincter does not close properly Allows stomach acid to back up Often will have a bitter taste in the mouth Can be related to meals & posture Cared for with medications & diet Gastric Ulcers Occur in the stomach Stomach Ulcers AKA - peptic ulcers Occur in the small intestine Pain in the gut lasting 30 min - 3 hrs Caused from increase in hydrochloric acid, stress, anti-inflammatory meds, cigarettes Angina Cause – plaque buildup in the arteries, narrowing blood flow Signs/ Symptoms – weakness, sweating, difficulty breathing, pain Heart Attack Cause – plaque buildup in the arteries, blocking blood flow Signs/ Symptoms – weakness, sweating, difficulty breathing, pain Ways to reduce Eat the correct Fat (Monounsaturated, polyunsaturated are okay) Eat Nuts, Fish & diets with high fiber Avoid coffee, Salt and Sugar Increase your exercise Stroke – blood clot Aneurysm – ruptured blood vessel Diabetes Inability of the body to produce or utilize insulin Insulin is produced by the pancreas Type I - body no longer produces insulin, most commonly effects children & young adults Type II - body no longer utilizes insulin, commonly occurs as we age & become inactive (genetic involvement) Gestational - women who are pregnant & have high blood pressure Hypoglycemia – Low blood sugar Give sugar Precedes Insulin shock Hyperglycemia – High blood sugar Give sugar Precedes Diabetic Coma Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Relentless pursuit of happiness Weighs 85% or less of norm for age/ height Can effect Men (sex hormones fall) & Women (will lose menstrual cycle) Person denies low weight Afraid of getting fat May exhibit obsessive ritualistic behavior, strange eating habits and division of food into good & bad categories Bulimia Nervosa Diet - binge - purge disorder Feels out of control while eating Has a fear of gaining weight and frantically tries to lose it by purging Often has a low self-esteem Weight may appear to be normal Disorder Signs & Symptoms Irregular heart beat/ cardiac arrest Kidney failure Liver damage Loss of muscle mass Permanent loss of bone mass Destruction of teeth/ esophagus/ stomach lining Delayed growth/ discontinued menstrual cycle Weakened immune system Excess hair on face Fainting spells
