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Intro to Physiology and the Digestive and Endocrine Systems Wed 2/5/13 and Thu 2/6/13 Apologies Exams not graded (grad school emergency last night) You will be going to other classes throughout next week! Daily Question Page 45.B Work with your tables to try to figure out what the 9 mystery organs of the human body are! Essential Skills 2.3 2.3.A • Liver: Part of the Digestive System. 1 • Stomach: Part of the Digestive System. 2 • Intestines: Part of the Digestive System. 3 • Brain: Part of the Nervous System. • Heart: Part of Circulatory System. • Pancreas: Part of the digestive and endocrine system. 6 6 • Kidney: Part of the excretory system. 7 • Lungs: Part of the Respiratory System. 8 Healthy Lung Smoker’s Lung • Bladder: Part of the Excretory System. 9 Foldable • Fold along the bold lines • Tear along the dotted lines Foldable Foldable Anatomy: The structure of organisms. Physiology: The function of organisms. Foldable and Draw on notes Levels of Biological Organization: a hierarchy from simplest to most complex Follow along with Mrs. Larkin • Area of Focus: Levels of Biological Organization. Cell Atom Molecule Organism Cell Organelle Organ System Tissue Organ Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Area of Focus: Levels of Biological Organization. Cell Atom Molecule Organism Cell Organelle Organ System Tissue Organ Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Area of Focus: Levels of Biological Organization. Cell Atom Molecule Organism Cell Organelle Organ System Tissue Organ Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Area of Focus: Levels of Biological Organization. These will not be addressed in detail in this unit. Organ System Tissue Organ Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Area of Focus: Levels of Biological Organization. Organ System Tissue Organ Cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Foldable Tissue: group of cells w/ same fcn Organ: “ “ tissues w/ a specific job Organ System: “ “ organs that work together to do a specific larger job. What’s the point???!!! (Foldable) Homeostasis: organ systems work together to keep the body stable (homeostatic) despite outside changes. Physiology Mini-Project • Layered clear flip-book Page # Content – Flip and uncover the body systems • Biodigitalhuman.com – Awesome chrome app Cover Your Body 1 Muscular System - Front 2 Muscular System - Back 3 Skeletal System 4 Circulatory System • This will be your “open notes” for you Phys. Unit Exam 5 Nervous System 6 Respiratory System 7 Digestive System 8 Urinary System 9 Endocrine System Mini-Project Logistics • Due on Mon/Tue Feb. 25th/26th – Graded the night they are turned in. • Your exam is on Wed/Thu Feb. 27th/28th – Passed back to you for your exam. Notes • Digestive System - 3 Purposes 1. Digest food 2. Break it down to absorb nutrients 3. Eliminate what can’t be digested Notes • Mechanical digestion – chew into small pieces • Chemical digestion – enzymes break down remaining large molecules – One called “amylase” turns starches into sugars • Push food to back of mouth swallow reflex • Flap over larynx prevents food entering lungs • Behind the mouth is the throat Tube made of smooth muscle moves food with rhythmic contractions Stomach Notes • Stomach: muscular and stretchable – Muscle contractions mechanically digest & mix – Chemical digestion: Digestive Enzymes • Proteins Amino Acids • Lipids Fatty Acids and Glycerol Molecule • Carbohydrates Simple Sugars • Nucleic Acids Nucleotides Draw Esophagus!!! What else do you see? Notes • Liver: most massive body organ – Aids fat digestion by secreting __________. • Most chemical digestion and absorption doesn’t actually happen in the stomach – Digestive enzymes must be supplied – Bile must be supplied • 1 lb everyday! Excess is stored Notes • After nutrients are absorbed, water and electrolytes are absorbed and solid waste must be eliminated. 3 parts: – Extract water and salt from solid waste – Expel feces – ??? One part has no known function Notes • Non-solid and non-gas waste is removed in the form of urine • A bean-shaped organ filters out waste, water, and salt from the blood Notes • Waste must travel from the kidneys in a long tube to an organ that holds urine until it is released to outside the body. Notes • Nutrients and waste are transported to the kidney (has oxygen) • Kidney Breakdown – Outer Region – blood is filtered – Inner Region – controls amount of water and salt within the blood – Center –where urine is collected and then delivered to the urinary bladder • Purified blood goes back to body (no longer has oxygen) Mini-Project Activity – Color in words “7. Digestive” • Sketch of the digestive system (2.5 points) • Digestive system labeled (2.5 points) – Color in words “8. Excretory” • Sketch of the excretory system (2.5 points) • Excretory system labeled (2.5 points) Digestive System Excretory System Teeth Aorta Tongue Renal Artery Salivary Glands Renal Medulla Pharynx Renal Cortex Epiglottis Renal Pelvis Esophagus Renal Vein Stomach Vena Cava Liver, Small Intestine Ureter Gallbladder Urinary Bladder Pancreas Urethra Large Intestine Rectum Appendix Label, but don’t define these four: Ascending Colon, Transverse Colon, Descending Colon, Sigmoid Colon Binder Check • 1 point per page! – Page 34.F, 35.F, 36.F, 37.F – Page 34.A, 35.A, 36.A, 37.A, 38.A, 39.D Homework • Color Digestive and Excretory System (2 points) • Put definitions next to each label (8 points) – Example • Liver: secretes bile which aids fat digestion • Remember, this is your open note resource for your exam! • Big effort now = Big results later