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Course overview – full-time study Course title: Geology Course number: 541-xxxx Supervising institute: Institute of Geological Engineering Course guarantee: doc. Ing. Radomír Grygar, CSc. Credits: 5 Duty: compulsory Level of study: undergraduate Teaching language: Czech Year: 1 Semester: summer Intended for the type of study: bachelor Hours per week: 2+2 Link to website: Intended for faculties: HGF Way of completion: credit and examination Prerequisites: Mineralogy and petrography Co-requisites: None Appears in prerequisites: No Learning outcomes - - - The student demonstrates knowledge: in geological structure of the Earth in genesis of geological phenomena and processes in interrelationships of geological bodies The student can: work with geological data read geological and derived maps use basic fictions /procedures leading to the evaluation of geological documentation The student is able to: classify basic geological phenomena evaluate geological operating documentation Teaching methods (representation of individual methods must be quantified in %) Lectures Exercises Individual work -35 % -35 % - 30 % Annotation Geology - its disciplines, cycle of geological processes, internal and external geological processes, hypothesis of the formation of the Earth and geotectonic hypotheses, structure and composition of the Earth, the theory of tectonic plates, layer and strata - regularities in the sequence of strata, introduction to stratigraphy. Time in geology, basic stratigraphy laws. Secondary structures. Continuous structures – flexures and folds, faults and their classification, nappe structure, fissures and cleavage, magmatism, volcanism, pyroclastics, accompanying volcanic phenomena, metamorphosis - the structure of metamorphic rocks, exogenous dynamics, weathering, landslides, geological activity of water, karst formations, geological activity of glaciers. Compulsory literature Kumpera, O. a kol. (1988): Všeobecná geologie, SNTL Praha. Cháb, J. a kol. (1983): Desková tektonika, Knihovna ÚÚG Praha. Geologie – výukové multimediální texty (http://geologie.vsb.cz/geologie/default.htm) Praktika z geologie (http://geologie.vsb.cz/PraktikaGeologie/default.htm) Recommended reading Nauka o Zemi pro technické obory (http://geologie.vsb.cz/jelinek/nauka.htm) Grotzinger J. et al. (2007): UnderstandingEarth, 5thedition, W.H. Freeman and Company. PlummerCh.C., McGeary The Late D., CarlsonD.H. (2004): Physical Geology, McGrawHillHigher Education, Boston. Requirements for providing the education Dataprojector Methods of continuous checking knowledge during the semester During the semester, knowledge is checked by elaborating separate projects in the exercises. Outline of lectures 1) Geology, its disciplines, auxiliary sciences and working methods. Cycle of geological processes. Internal and external geologic factors, their significance for the evolution of the Earth. Exogenous and endogenous dynamics. 2) The Earth’s body. Earth formation hypothesis and geotectonic hypotheses. Geophysical evidence of the structure and composition of the Earth. The shape and movements of the Earth. Earth's continental and oceanic crust, its origin and development. Fundamentals of the theory of isostasy. The pressure in the Earth’s body. Natural stress field, stress redistribution. Thermal field of the Earth. 3) The theory of lithospheric plates. 4) The theory of the layer and strata - Layer and its parts, thickness of layers, surface stability, depth of layers, map representation. Internal and external signs of stratification sediments, effects on bedding planes. Importance of layer characters to determine the stratigraphic hanging rock and bedrock, to determine the type of sedimentation and sedimentary environment. 5) Sets of layers. Regularity of strata sequence, cyclicality, rythmicality, importance for stratigraphy and technical practice. The relationship between the sets of layers concordance, discordance and its types, signs in maps. Facies, facial ratio of the sets of layers and types of facies transitions, litofacial research. 6) Introduction to stratigraphy. Time in geology, basic stratigraphy laws. Relative and absolute stratigraphy. Local and chronostratigraphic units and scales. Stratigraphic correlations. 7) Secondary structures. Continuous structures - flexures, folds, their shapes, classification of folds. 8) Faults and their geometric - kinematic classification. Systems of faults. Nappe structure. Tectonic fissures associated with folds and faults. Cleavage. 9) Magmatism: magma and its properties. Types of intrusive and hypoabyssal bodies, their classification. 10) Volcanism, lava and its properties, solid volcanic rocks, volcanic mountains. Types of volcanoes. Pyroclastics. Accompanying volcanic phenomena. 11) Metamorphosis - types of metamorphosis. Metamorphic facies. The structures of metamorphic rocks. 12) Earthquakes - causes, genesis, classification. 13) Exogenous dynamics. Mechanical and chemical weathering. Mantlerock. Soil, composition, properties and types. The effect of gravity on the Earth's surface, landslides. 14) Geological activity of water. Geological activity of streams and lakes. Geological activity of the sea. Underground water. Karst formations. Geological activity of glaciers. Geological effects of the wind. 15) Human activities and their impact on the Earth and environment. Outline of exercises 1) Spatial orientation of geological bodies, measuring by geological compass, map structural tags 2) The basic procedures of solving the spatial orientation of geological elements using graphical methods - stereographic projections 3) Solution of simple geometric problems using projection networks 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Contour diagrams and their evaluation The thickness of layers, depth of layers Methods of imaging geological structures, stereograms Intersections of the geological surface with topography, construction of breakthrough curves Image of faults in geological and structural maps according to the shift final image – bases of solving kinematics of faults 9) Construction of geological sections and maps 10) Exogenous dynamics - Quaternary geology Exam question topics 1) The cycle of geological processes. Internal and external geological factors, their significance for the evolution of the Earth. 2) The Earth’s body. Earth formation hypothesis and geotectonic hypotheses. Geophysical evidence of the structure and composition of the Earth. The shape and movements of the Earth. 3) Earth's continental and oceanic crust, its origin and development. Fundamentals of the theory of isostasy. The pressure in the Earth’s body. Natural stress field, stress redistribution. Thermal field of the Earth. 4) The theory of lithospheric plates. 5) The theory of the layer and strata - Layer and its parts, thickness of layers, surface stability, layer depth, map representation. Internal and external signs of stratification sediments, effects on bedding planes. 6) Importance of layer characters to determine the stratigraphic hanging rock and bedrock, to determine the type of sedimentation and sedimentary environment. 7) Sets of layers. Regularity of strata sequence, cyclicality, rythmicality, importance for stratigraphy and technical practice. The relationship between the sets of layers concordance, discordance and its types, signs in maps. 8) Facies, facial ratio of the sets of layers and types of facies transitions, litofacial research. 9) Time in geology, basic stratigraphy laws. Relative and absolute stratigraphy. Local and chronostratigraphic units and scales. Stratigraphic correlations. 10) Secondary structures. Continuous structures - flexures, folds, their shapes, classification of folds. 11) Faults and their geometric - kinematic classification. Systems of faults. Nappe structure. Tectonic fissures associated with folds and faults. Cleavage. 12) Magmatism: magma and its properties. Types of intrusive and hypoabyssal bodies, their classification. 13) Volcanism, lava and its properties, solid volcanic rocks, volcanic mountains. Types of volcanoes. Pyroclastics. Accompanying volcanic phenomena. 14) Metamorphosis - types of metamorphosis. Metamorphic facies. The structures of metamorphic rocks. 15) Exogenous dynamics. Mechanical and chemical weathering. Mantlerock. Soil, composition, properties and types. 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) The effect of gravity on the Earth's surface, landslides. Geological activity of water. Geological activity of streams and lakes. Geological activity of the sea. Underground water. Karst formations. Geological activity of glaciers. Geological effects of the wind. Terms for completing the course Task name Task type Credit and examination Credit Credit and examination Credit Examination Examination Maximum number of points (credit for subtasks) 100 (100) 33 (33) 67 (67) Minimum number of points 51 17 34