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http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=wv4M4wror58 ROCK Composed of one or more minerals Classified by 1. Origin – how they were formed 2. Mineral Content 3. Texture ROCK Composed of one or more minerals Classified by 1. Origin – how they were formed 2. Mineral Content 3. Texture IGNEOUS ROCKS ESRT Page 6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= aCnAF1Opt8M Formation • Solidification of magma • Made up of inter grown mineral crystals • Environments a. Magma – below ground b. Lava – above ground a. Texture Determined by the rate of cooling, refers to the size, shape and arrangement of crystals which grew out of the cooling magma/lava 1. Intrusive • You can visibly see Mineral crystals the ____________ • cools slowly, deep beneath the Earth’s surface • Coarse or very coarse (large to medium crystals) Pegmatite – Very Coarse Texture Granite - Coarse Texture 2. Extrusive • • • • Very small or no _______________ Mineral crystals cooled quickly on earth’s surface fine grained (can see with a hand lens) glassy no crystals 3. Porphyritic • Contains crystals of two markedly different sizes • identify with the majority of crystals 4. Vesicular • Porous from trapped gas pockets b. Color Based on the mineral content or what it is made of Mafic Dark colored, high in Iron (Fe) and Magnesium (Mg), more dense Felsic • Light colored, high in Aluminum (Al) and Silicon (Si), less dense HOW DO YOU KNOW ITS AN IGNEOUS ROCK 1. Mineral Crystals or 2. Vesicular – Gas pockets Order in which minerals crystallize from a cooling magma/lava to form igneous rocks
