Download Earth Science Chapter 3 Study Guide 1. 4 characteristics of minerals

Earth Science
Chapter 3
Study Guide
1. 4 characteristics of minerals ​1. Inorganic solid 2. naturally occurring
​ 3. orderly arrangement of atoms
4. definite chemical composition
2. Shape of the crystalline form reflects the ​internal arrangement of atoms.
3. When do crystals grow into large, well developed shapes? ​Crystals can grow large
​when they have lots of time to grow slowly​.
4. What 2 elements are most common in Earth’s crust?
​silicon and oxygen
5. Common rock forming minerals are made up mostly of what 2 elements?
​ silicon and oxygen
6. The 2 main families of rock forming minerals are ​silicates and non-silicates
7. A silicate is a ​group of minerals that have silicon in their crystal structure.
8. A non silicate is a ​group of minerals that do not contain silicon like halite or calcite.
9. The process of crystallization occurs when ​particles dissolved in a liquid solidify and
​form crystals
10. What is an example of a mineral formed from a hot solution?
​gold
11. What is magma? ​ molten rock beneath Earth’s surface
12. What is the difference between magma and lava? ​ Magma is molten rock beneath
​Earth’s surface and lava is the magma above Earth’s surface.
13. What are the 7 physical properties of minerals?
1. color
2. hardness
3. streak
4. cleavage or fracture
5. density
6. special properties
14. Streak is ​the color of the mineral in powdered form.
15. Luster is the ​way a mineral reflects or absorbs light at its surface.
16. Cleavage is ​the ability of a mineral to break with a smooth, flat surface.
17. What is an ore? ​Ore is rock that contains high enough concentrations of a desired
​material that it can be mined for profit.
18. Sand is what mineral? ​quartz
19. What are some examples of mineral resources that we use everyday?
​ We get aluminum from bauxite ore, iron from hematite, gypsum in wall board,
​sand is quartz, gemstones like diamond and ruby
20. What are some examples of rare metallic mineral resources?
​Rare metals like gold and platinum.
21. A gemstone is a ​rare, attractive mineral.
22. Some examples of gemstones are ​diamond, ruby, emerald, sapphire, and
​amethyst.