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Muscle Origin Frontalis Galea aponeurosis, skin above the nose anterior to the vertex and eyes Occipitalis Orbicularis oculi Depressor anguli Insertion lateral 2/3 of superior galea aponeurosis, nuchal line external over the occipital occipital protuberance bone orbital portion: nasal process of frontal bone palpebral portion: palpebral ligament circumferentially powerfully closes the around orbit meeting eye in palpebral raphe lacrimal portion: lacrimal crest of lacrimal bone along the oblique line of mandible modiolus Oris Action draws back the scalp to raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the brow draws back the scalp to raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the brow lateral aspect of mental tubercle of the mandible alveolar border of circumferentially maxilla around mouth lowers the angle(s) of the mouth (as in frowning) closes the lips Orbicularis oris lateral to midline of mandible blends with other muscles Superficial: protrudes the lips Superficial: Masseter angle of mandible zygomatic process of the maxilla lateral surface of mandibular ramus inferior border of zygomatic arch Intermediate: ramus of mandible Intermediate: inner surface of zygomatic Deep: arch superior ramus of Deep: posterior aspect mandible of inferior border of zygomatic arch coronoid process of mandible closes the lower jaw (clenches the teeth) may deviate mandible to opposite side of contraction Blood: masseteric artery Nerve: masseteric nerve Temporalis Temporal fossa between inferior temporal line and infratemporal crest Platysma Inferior border of Skin over lower neck mandible and skin and upper lateral chest over lower face and angle of mouth Sternocleidomastoid Anterior and superior manubrium and superior medial third of clavicle Lateral aspect of mastoid process and anterior half of superior nuchal line Origin Clavicular headmedial half clavicle. Sternocostal headlateral manubrium and sternum, six upper costal cartilages and external oblique aponeurosis Upper eight ribs and anterior intercostal membranes from midclavicular line. Lower four interdigitating with external oblique Insertion Action Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus and anterior lip of deltoid tuberosity Clavicular head:flexes and adducts arm. Sternal head: adducts and medially rotates arm . Accessory for inspiration Medial and anterior aspect of coronoid process of mandible Elevates mandible and posterior fibers retract Depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth. Aids forced depression of mandible Flexes and laterally rotates cervical spine. Protracts head when acting together . Extends neck when neck already partially extended Muscles of Trunk Muscle Pectoralis major Serratus anterior Anterior: Lateral third of clavicle Deltoid Middle: lateral acromion Posterior: spine of scapula Inner medial border scapula. 1 and 2: upper angle; 3 and 4: Laterally rotates and length of costal protracts scapula surface ; 5-8: inferior angle Anterior: flexion, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Middle: abduction of humerus to 90 degrees Posterior: extension horizontal abduction, lateral rotation of humerus Elevates ribs if scapula fixed, protracts scapula (assists serratus anterior) Pectoralis minor 3, 4, 5 ribs Medial and upper surface of coracoid process of scapula Trapezius Medial third superior nuchal line, ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments to T12 Upper fibers to lateral third of posterior laterally rotates, border of clavicle; elevates and retracts lower to medial scapula. If scapula is acromion and superior fixed, extends and lip of spine of scapula laterally flexes neck to deltoid tubercle Latissmus dorsi Spine T7, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of all lower thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, lumbar fascia, posterior third iliac crest, last four ribs (interdigitating with external oblique abdominis) and inferior angle of scapula Extends, adducts and Floor of bicipital medially rotates arm. groove of humerus Costal attachment after spiraling around helps with deep teres major inspiration and forced expiration Muscle Diaphragm External intercostals Internal intercostals Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Location Action only The diaphragm is the means The lungs are located by which the lungs inflate anterior to the diaphragm. and deflate. Inferior border of ribs as Fix intercostal spaces during far back as posterior respiration. Aids forced angles inspiration by elevating ribs Inferior border of ribs as Fix intercostal spaces during far back as posterior espiration. Aids forced angles inspiration by elevating ribs Medial three quarters of Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint infraspinous fossa of scapula and fibrous intermuscular septa Rotator cuff muscle Medial three quarters of Abducts arm and stabilizes supraspinous fossa of shoulder joint scapula, upper surface of spine (bipennate) Subscapularis Medial two thirds of subscapular fossa Rotator cuff muscle Medially rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint Rotator cuff muscle lateral rotation Teres minor Upper axillary border of scapula Extension of humerus Rotator cuff muscle Muscles of anterior abdominal wall Muscle Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transverses abdominis Location and fibers only Pubic crest and pubic symphysis Anterior primary rami (T7-12) Anterior angles of lower eight ribs Anterior primary rami (T7-12) Lumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest and lateral two thirds of inguinal ligament Anterior primary rami (T7-12) (conjoint tendon ilioinguinal nerve (L1)) Costal margin, lumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest and lateral half of inguinal ligament Anterior primary rami (T7-12). Conjoint tendon ilioinguinal