Download - Catalyst

Muscles of the Trunk
Multifidus
O: each side of spinous process, upward and medially
I: spinous process of superior vertebrae two to four levels above
Erector Spinae
O: The three columns of the erector spinae group have a common origin, the sacrum, the ribs, and
all vertebrae, (lumbar and thoracic).
I: The insertion is on the ribs, the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, the skull, mastoid process and
occipital bone.
Quadratus Lumborum
O: Posterior iliac crest, attaching to transverse processes of L2-L5
I: Rib 12 and transverse processes of L1-L5
Iliopsoas
Psoas Major
O: anterior bodies & transverse processes of T12 & all lumbar vertebrae, outward over front of
pubis
I: wraps over, then under neck of femur to lesser trochanter
Psoas Minor follows similar, but medial, course
Iliacus
O: Iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter
Diaphragm
O: xiphoid process, costal cartilages of last six ribs, and lumbar vertebrae
I: central tendon
Transversus Abdominis
O: Lumbodorsal fascia, the last 7 ribs, the inguinal ligament and the iliac crest
I: Linea alba and the anterior half of the iliac crest
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Internal Obliques
O: lateral inguinal ligament & iliac crest. Posteriorly: lumbodorsal fascia
I: Lower 4 ribs. Anteriorly: aponeurosis
External Obliques
O: External surface of ribs 5 – 12 and the ilioinguinal ligament
I: Anterior & inferior: via aponeurosis to the linea alba and inguinal ligament
Rectus Abdominis
O: Crest and symphysis of pubis
I: Cartilage of 5th, 6th, and 7th ribs & xiphoid process
Pelvic floor
Pelvic Diaphragm is composed of levator ani, coccygeus, and the urogenital diaphragm
Muscles of the Iliofemoral Joint (Hip)
Gluteus Maximus
O: Crest of ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: Deep fibers on the superior linea aspera of femur
Superficial inserts into fasciae latae
Gluteus Medius
O: External iliac crest
I: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Gluteus Minimus
O: External, iliac fossa
I: Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
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Deep External Rotators
O: Pelvis
I: On or near the posterior trochanter
Tensor Fasciae Latae
O: Anterior iliac crest and iliac spine (near ASIS)
I: Iliotibial tract
Iliotibial Tract
I: Tibia & head of fibula
O: Tibia & head of fibula, “Gerdy’s Tubercle”
“Hip Flexors”
Rectus Femoris
O: anterior, inferior iliac spine and part of the ilium near the acetabulum
I: quadriceps tendon to patella
Sartorius
O: ASIS, medially down thigh, superficial to quads
I: medial tibial shaft
“Hip Extensors”
Hamstrings
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris
O: ischial tuberosity, except one head of the b.f. originates from the femoral shaft
I: Semimembranosus: tibial condyle
Semitendinosus: tibial shaft
Biceps femoris: fibular head
“Adductors”
Pectineus
O: Lateral pubis
I: from the lesser trochanter to linea aspera
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Adductor Brevis
O: Medial pubis
I: middle of linea aspera
Adductor Longus
O: medial pubis
I: 1/2 the way down (linea aspera)
Adductor Magnus
Anterior origin: pubis and ischial tuberosity
Insert: linea aspera
Posterior origin: ischial tuberosity
Insert: superior to medial femoral condyle
Gracilis
O: Inferior, anterior pubis
I: Medial aspect of tibia just inferior to the tibial condyle
Muscles of the knee
Vastus intermedius
O: Upper 2/3 of anterior femoral shaft
I: Patella via quadriceps tendon
Vastus Lateralis & Medialis
O: either side of linea aspera on posterior femur, and then wrap around to meet anteriorly
I: Patella via quadriceps tendon
Popliteus
O: Lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle & from fibular head (It also has an origin in the
posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. The tendon then courses under the lateral collateral
ligament, and moves outside of the knee joint before joining its muscle belly.)
I: Posterior tibia under the tibial condyles, with its tendon running into the knee capsule to the
posterior lateral meniscus.
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Muscles of the ankle and foot
“Anterior Compartment”
Tibialis Anterior
O: lateral and upper tibia, down front of leg (in front of med. maleollus)
I: medial surface of1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
Extensor Digitorum Longus
O: lateral condyle of tibia and anterior fibula, down outside of leg
I: by 4 tendons into 4 lessor toes
Extensor Hallucis Longus
O: Anterior middle and lower fibula, down anterior lateral aspect
I: Its tendon passes under EDL into dorsal surface of great toe
“Lateral Compartment”
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
O: lateral, upper 2/3 of fibula, wraps around lateral malleolus
I: tendons to1st cuboid and 1st (5th??) metatarsal
Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis
O: lower 2/3 of fibula, follows same path as longus
I: base of 5th metatarsal
“Posterior Compartment”
Gastrocnemius
O: Medial and lateral condyles of femur - two heads
I: Calcaneus via the Achilles tendon
Soleus
O: Head of fibula and medial tibia
I: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon
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Tibialis Posterior
O: Posterior surface of tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Tendons to cuboid, navicular and all cuneiforms on plantar surface
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: posterior tibia, down medial leg, tendon runs behind med. maleolus and divides into 4 tendons
I: Distal phalanx of lesser 4 toes
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O: lower 2/3 of posterior fibula, tendon crosses medially behind & below sustentaculum tali
I: Distal phalanx of great toe
Muscles of the Glenohumeral Joint (Shoulder)
“Pectoralis Group”
Pectoralis major
O: clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of second to sixth rib
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
“Vertebral Group”
Trapezius
O: Extemal occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae (7-T12 (spinous processes)
I:
Upper: lateral clavicle, acromion
Middle: spine of scapula
Lower: root of spine of scapula
Levator Scapulae
O: transverse process of 1st 4 cervical vertebrae
I: vertebral border of scapula between superior medial angle and scapular spine;
Rhomboid
O: Spinous processes of C7 through T5
I: Vertebral border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle
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Latissimus dorsi action
O: sacral, lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; iliac crest and lower ribs
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
“Scapular Group”
Deltoid
O: clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Minor
O: Axillary border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of intertubular groove
Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa of scapula
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Serratus Anterior
O: Outer surface of the upper 8 ribs
I: Vertebral border of the scapula on the anterior surface
“Humeral Group”
Biceps brachii
O: caracoid process of scapula
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I: radial tuberosity of radius
Triceps brachii
O: scapula and humerus
I: olecranon process of ulna
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