Download Exploration Notes—Copy these According to mercantilists, the

Exploration Notes—Copy these
1. According to mercantilists, the prosperity of a nation depended on of gold and silver.
2. Aggressive Dutch traders were able to reduce the English influence on the spice market to a
single port on the southern coast of Sumatra.
3. Buddhism became the dominant religion on the Southeast Asian mainland from 1500 to 1800.
4. Christopher Columbus went to his grave believing he had discovered a westward passage to Asia,
when in fact he had actually discovered the Americas.
5. Encomienda is the right to use Native Americans as slaves.
6. European expansion was driven by wealth, trade, religious zeal, and political ambitions.
7. European influence in Southeast Asia was stronger in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian
Archipelago because these states did not have strong, central monarchies.
8. European rulers and merchants were determined to gain control of the islands of Southeast Asia
because the spice trade was very profitable.
9. Europeans had less impact on the mainland states of Southeast Asia because the mainland states
were able to unite and drive the Europeans out.
10. Impacts of the slave trade on African societies are deterioration of culture, depopulation, and
increased warfare among tribes and with Europeans.
11. In Southeast Asia, European influence was mostly limited to the Malay Peninsula and the
Indonesian Archipelago due to unity within tribes.
12. In the Buddhist style of kingship, the king was considered the link between humans and the
universe.
13. In the Malay Peninsula and small coastal states of Southeast Asia, the head of state was
frequently by an Islamic sultan.
14. John Cabot explored the New England coastline of the Americas for England.
15. Mercantilism is the set of principles that dominated economic thought in the 17th century stating
that a country’s wealth is based on the amount of bullion it has.
16. New religious influences in North and West Africa came from Islam.
17. Originally, African slaves were brought to the Americas to supply labor for the sugarcane
plantations.
18. Portugal maintained a colonial or trade interest in India, West Africa, and South America.
19. Slaves from Africa were obtained by Europeans from African slave merchants.
20. The African empire of Songhai was devastated by invaders from Morocco.
21. The African society of Benin was changed from a brilliant society to a corrupt and brutal place by
the slave trade.
22. The Aztec rulers of Mexico fought against the forces of Hernan Cortes.
23. The balance of trade is the difference in value between what a nation imports and what it exports
over time.
24. The Dutch tried to dominate the clove trade by limiting cultivation of the crop to one island and
forcing others to stop the growing and trade of the spice.
25. The Dutch were the first European settlers of the Hudson River valley.
26. The English established colonies or trade relations in New York, northwestern India, and
Massachusetts.
27. The Ibo society of eastern Nigeria produced more slaves than practically any other in the
continent.
28. The island of Java became a strategic center for the Dutch.
29. The Middle Passage was the name for the journey of slaves from Africa to America.
30. The Moluccas were known to Europeans as the Spice Islands because this is the area from which
Europeans got their spices.
31. The Portuguese presence in Southeast Asia was limited to trading posts.
32. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 gave Spain control of almost all of the Americas.
33. The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, established a line of demarcation between territories
controlled by Portugal and those controlled by Spain.
34. To Portuguese explorers, the southern coast of West Africa became known as the Gold Coast due
to all the gold acquired there.
35. Vasco da Gama’s discovery of a route to India by sea proved to be very profitable, since da Gama
returned with a cargo of spices and made a profit of several thousand percent.