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Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
How African Slavery Happened
• Common among African kingdoms to
enslave each other – prisoners of war.
Not usually born into it and not usually
horrible conditions.
• In 16th c. Europeans wanted to find a
“more durable” resource of labor to
replace Native Americans who were dying
from smallpox and overwork on
encomienda.
Practice Regents
17. Which statement best describes a result of the scarcity
of native Indian labor in Latin America during the colonial
period?
a)Unskilled laborers were imported from Asia.
b)Many people from Spain and Portugal immigrated to the
region.
c)Native American Indians from the British colonies went
south to work.
d)Large numbers of African slaves were imported.
•
18. Which statement is supported by
the graph?
a)
Little trade in enslaved Africans
took place before the 1500s.
b)
Slavery was most widely practiced
in Sweden and Denmark.
c)
Conditions of slavery in Brazil were
les harsh than those in US.
d)
4. Most enslaved Africans were
sent to the Caribbean and Spanish
America.
Triangle Trade
• European ships brought
manufactured goods
(guns) to Africa.
• Coastal African kings
traded-slaves for guns.
(Europeans could not
access inner Africa due
to malaria)
• Slaves brought to
• Slaves traded for Caribbean
Americas across Atlantic
raw materials: molasses,
(middle passage)
timber, and later, tobacco and
cotton.
• raw materials shipped to
Europe and processed into
manufactured goods.
Practice Regents
19. Based on the information shown on this
map, most manufactured goods were
produced in
a)the West Indies
b)Europe
c)English colonies
d)Africa
•
Middle Passage
• Journey Lasted
anywhere from 5
weeks to 3 months
• Hardest part of the
triangle trade
• Human cargo was
tightly packed and
carried disease and
death
• 10-30% died each trip
Many slaves became seasick or developed
diarrhea. They couldn't move because they
were chained into their positions, the deck
became a stinking mass of human waste.
This shows how tightly
packed the ships were, the
conditions were so bad they
attempted suicide.
Slaves had developed
sores where their
chains had rubbed
their skin, their
festering wounds often
had maggots eating
away their flesh.
Practice Regents
20. The Middle Passage is best defined as
a)a route through the Swiss Alps
b)a narrow body of water connecting two
larger bodies of water
c)the forced journey of enslaved Africans to
the Americas
d)the expulsion of Muslims from Spain
Practice Regents
21. What was a direct result of the transAtlantic slave trade on African cultures?
a)Many African communities faced economic disaster.
b)European industrial factories were established
throughout Africa.
c)Animism was no longer practiced in Africa.
d)Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train
their military.
Practice Regents
22. Which statement accurately reflects population
changes that occurred as a result of the Age of
Exploration?
a)Most Latin American populations became more culturally
diverse.
b)One third of Europe’s population died due to exposure to
diseases from the Americas.
c)The introduction of goods from the Americas caused a
decline in Asian populations.
d)Native Americans migrated to Africa causing increases in
African populations.
Columbian Exchange
Practice Regents
23. The Columbian exchange is most
closely associated with the beginnings of
a)mercantilism
b)humanism
c)mass production
d)scientific socialism
Practice Regents
24. What was one effect of the Columbian
exchange on European society?
a)Migration to the Americas declined.
b)Horses were acquired for the first time.
c)The population increased with the
introduction of new foods.
d)The Christian Church was divided into
Roman Catholic and Orthodox.
Impact of Columbian Exchange
On Native Americans On Europe
• Diseases wipe out • Tomatoes
much of population
becomes staple of
Italian dishes
• Horses make the
plain Indians more • Chocolate
mobile
produced for
wealthy
• Potato becomes
staple crop in
Europe (Ireland)
Impact of Columbian Exchange
On Asia & Africa
• Cassava, sweet
potato imported to
Africa & Asia
causes a major
increase in
population
• Chili powder
becomes staple of
Indian cuisine
Practice Regents Questions
25. Which of these events during the Age of Exploration was a cause
of the other three?
a)Europeans brought food, animals, and ideas from one continent to
another.
b)European diseases had an adverse effect on the native populations
of new territories.
c)Warfare increased as European nations competed for land and
power.
d)Advances in learning and technology made long ocean voyages
possible.