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Transcript
Meteorology Study Guide Name Date Block Match the correct letter to the correct statement. ______ 1. Approximately 78% of Earth’s atmosphere is this gas A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. ______ 2. This layer contains 75% of the atmospheric gases and is where weather occurs ______ 3. This layer is where auroras form ______ 4. The layer above the stratosphere where temperature begins to fall again ______ 5. The boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere ______ 6. This layer shields life from ultraviolet radiation from the Sun ______ 7. This layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer ______ 8. The mixture of gases, liquids, and solids that surrounds the Earth Stratosphere Mesosphere Exosphere Troposphere Nitrogen Ozone Layer Thermosphere Oxygen Tropopause Atmosphere ______ 9. The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere ______ 10. Approximately 21% of Earth's atmosphere is this gas ______ 12. Burning of these have increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere ______ 13. Rise of global temperatures due to increase in CO2 ______ 14. CFCs are destroying this molecule in the upper atmosphere ______ 15. Pressure zone generally associated with cool, dry weather ______ 16. Pressure zone generally associated with warm, wet weather ______ 17. Front that moves quickly and produces rain at the front A. B. C. D. E. F. G. Low Pressure Warm Front Cold Front Fossil fuels Ozone High Pressure Global warming ______ 18. Front that moves slowly and produces miles of clouds and long periods of gentle, soaking rains ______ 19. Pressure system that rotates clockwise and outward ______ 20. Pressure system that rotates counter-clockwise and inward. ______ 21. A narrow violent funnel-shaped column of spiral winds that extends downward from the cloud base toward Earth ______ 22. Storm characterized by sustained winds of 120 km/hr (75 miles/hr) or greater ______ 23. Measures humidity in the air ______ 24. Measures air pressure A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Anemometer High Pressure Psychrometer Hurricane Barometer Low Pressure Tornado Thermometer ______ 25. Measures air temperature ______ 26. Measures wind speed ______ ______ ______ ______ 27. 28. 29. 30. ______ ______ ______ ______ 31. 32. 33. 34. Scale that ranks tornadoes according to destruction, wind speed, & duration Scale that classifies hurricanes according to wind speed The long-term weather patterns of an area Current state of the atmosphere, including short-term variations such as temperature and precipitation Warm, wet air mass Warm, dry air mass Cold, wet air mass Cold, dry air mass A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Continental polar (cP) Continental topical (cT) Climate Fujita Maritime polar (mP) Maritime tropical (mT) Saffir-simpson Weather Match the correct letter to the correct statement. ______ 35. Cold, dense air displaces warm, moist air and forces the warm air up along a steep front ______ 36. Warm air displaces cold air; the warm air is pushed up a gradual slope ______ 37. A front in which neither air mass is moving ______ 38. A large body of air with the characteristics of the area over which it forms ______ 39. The temperature at which water vapor in the air condenses into liquid water ______ 40. The amount of water vapor in the air ______ 41. The ratio of water vapor in a volume of air compared to how much that volume of air is capable of holding ______ 42. Due to the Earth’s rotation, moving particles (such as air) are deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere ______ 43. Small particles in the atmosphere around which cloud droplets can form ______ 44. Narrow bands of fast, high altitude, westerly winds # 45 Question Define: a. Convection b. Conduction c. Radiation Answer a. b. c. 46 Lines of equal pressure are called? What do these indicate if they are close together? 47 Change of state of matter from a gas to liquid to solid is called? Change from a gas to liquid is called? Label each layer and “pause” in the blank boxes on the picture on the right. Use these terms for your labeling. 48 Mesosphere Mesopause Tropopause Stratopause Thermosphere Troposphere Stratosphere 49 50 What layer of the atmosphere is not shown in the above diagram? What happens to pressure as altitude increases? A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Air mass Cold front Condensation nuclei Coriolis Effect Dew point Humidity Jet Stream Relative humidity Stationary front Warm front 51 Explain how clouds form. Include the terms dew point and condensation nuclei. 52 The average temperature at Earth’s North Pole is colder than the average temperature at the Equator because the Equator ___. 53 Dry Temperature __12_ Wet Temp __10_ Difference _____ a. receives less ultraviolet radiation (sunlight) b. receives more intense radiation (sunlight) c. has more cloud cover d. has a thicker atmosphere Cloud base altitude _________ Dewpoint _____ Relative Humidity _____ 54 What determines the temperature and moisture content of an air mass? Carefully look at the pictures below and answer the next 3 questions. Ocean Ocean 56 Which of the pictures above correctly shows the movement of air during the daytime and is called a sea breeze? 57 Which of the pictures above correctly shows the movement of air during the night time and is called a land breeze? 58 In a couple of sentences, describe how and why this process works(seabreeze and landbreeze). Include high and low pressure in your description! The distance at between b and a is 650 miles. What is the gradient between B and A? Show work. Ocean Ocean 59 Name and draw the symbols for the four fronts. 60 Name the four major factors that determine the climate of an area. a. b. c. d. 61. Label each set of winds with the correct name. Then use the diagram to answer the next question. 62 The surface winds shown in the diagram follow a. revolution c. rotation curving paths mainly due to Earth’s __. b. gravitational field d. magnetic field 63 Which weather station model represents the location with the greatest probability of precipitation? 64 Which weather station model represents a location where a thunderstorm is occurring? 65 At which weather station is visibility greatest? 66 At which weather station is barometric pressure the highest? 67 Which station model represents an atmospheric pressure of 1009.2 millibars and a temperature of 75 oF? 68 Which of the diagrams on the right correctly shows the direction of wind between pressure areas? Circle your answer choice. 69 Compare and contrast tornadoes and hurricanes using the following criteria: Wind speed, size, location, and duration.