Convective generation of cirrus near the tropopause
... tropopause cirrus across the dimensions of the anvil visible beneath. The flight path, from northeast to southwest, covered the period 72600 to 73260 UTC (2010 to 2021 UTC), shown in approximately 2 min segments. (Figure 1a –1c). The lidar is sensitive to small ice crystals, but is attenuated rapidl ...
... tropopause cirrus across the dimensions of the anvil visible beneath. The flight path, from northeast to southwest, covered the period 72600 to 73260 UTC (2010 to 2021 UTC), shown in approximately 2 min segments. (Figure 1a –1c). The lidar is sensitive to small ice crystals, but is attenuated rapidl ...
CEOS STRATEGY FOR WATER OBSERVATIONS FROM SPACE
... The EarthCARE/CPR mission is anticipated to be launched in 2015 or shortly thereafter, and will provide precipitation measurement capabilities for snow and ice. CEOS Agencies are developing advanced global water vapour retrievals (total column with 350m and 1km resolution), and aerosol retrievals (A ...
... The EarthCARE/CPR mission is anticipated to be launched in 2015 or shortly thereafter, and will provide precipitation measurement capabilities for snow and ice. CEOS Agencies are developing advanced global water vapour retrievals (total column with 350m and 1km resolution), and aerosol retrievals (A ...
Wave and plasma measurements and GPS diagnostics of the main
... plasma. This paper reports the results of monitoring the midlatitude trough structure, dynamics and wave activity. For these purposes, the data gathered by the currently-operating DEMETER satellite and past diagnostics located on IK-19, Apex, and MAGION-3 spacecraft, as well as TEC measurements were ...
... plasma. This paper reports the results of monitoring the midlatitude trough structure, dynamics and wave activity. For these purposes, the data gathered by the currently-operating DEMETER satellite and past diagnostics located on IK-19, Apex, and MAGION-3 spacecraft, as well as TEC measurements were ...
The main characteristics of atmospheric circulation associated with
... from the first dataset. The first fog day of a fog event is characterized as D day, the 24-h period prior to D day is characterized as D-1 day and the 24-h period that follows the last fog day is characterized as END day. An analytic scheme of these definitions is presented in Fig. 2. For the 1055 f ...
... from the first dataset. The first fog day of a fog event is characterized as D day, the 24-h period prior to D day is characterized as D-1 day and the 24-h period that follows the last fog day is characterized as END day. An analytic scheme of these definitions is presented in Fig. 2. For the 1055 f ...
Can human-induced land degradation be distinguished from the
... In arid and semi-arid lands seasonal sums of multi-temporal NDVI are strongly correlated with vegetation production (Prince and Tucker, 1986; Prince, 1991b; Nicholson and Farrar, 1994; Nicholson et al., 1998; Wessels et al., 2006). Thus NDVI data derived from the AVHRR sensor have been widely used t ...
... In arid and semi-arid lands seasonal sums of multi-temporal NDVI are strongly correlated with vegetation production (Prince and Tucker, 1986; Prince, 1991b; Nicholson and Farrar, 1994; Nicholson et al., 1998; Wessels et al., 2006). Thus NDVI data derived from the AVHRR sensor have been widely used t ...
Potential Theory and the Static Gravity Field of the Earth
... of points, rather than their cardinal components. They are essential for any hydrologic applications since they determine the flow of water. The relatively expensive and time-consuming traditional determination of heights by spirit leveling would be replaced by the combination of GPS (GNSS) heights ...
... of points, rather than their cardinal components. They are essential for any hydrologic applications since they determine the flow of water. The relatively expensive and time-consuming traditional determination of heights by spirit leveling would be replaced by the combination of GPS (GNSS) heights ...
IGOS-P Water Cycle Theme - Food and Agriculture Organization of
... other social benefits, these goals will promote improvements in the availability of sanitation services and access to clean water for a much larger percentage of the world’s population and will reduce the ravages of water borne diseases on society. An improved system to observe the water cycle and t ...
... other social benefits, these goals will promote improvements in the availability of sanitation services and access to clean water for a much larger percentage of the world’s population and will reduce the ravages of water borne diseases on society. An improved system to observe the water cycle and t ...
The Cognitive Controller: A Hybrid, Deliberative/Reactive Control
... uses model-based stereo-vision algorithms to track the satellite. The short range module takes over when the distance to the satellite is less than two meters. It tracks the satellite using visual features on the satellite's docking interface. The perception center decides which vision modules to ac ...
... uses model-based stereo-vision algorithms to track the satellite. The short range module takes over when the distance to the satellite is less than two meters. It tracks the satellite using visual features on the satellite's docking interface. The perception center decides which vision modules to ac ...
Minimum Local Emissivity Variance Retrieval of Cloud Emissivity
... Spectrometer (GIFTS), Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), the Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES) on GOES-R, and others provide researchers with the potential to ...
... Spectrometer (GIFTS), Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), the Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES) on GOES-R, and others provide researchers with the potential to ...
Use of satellite data for land surface analysis
... - Simplified Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) (DWD, ECMWF, UKMO) - Conventional observations: Analysed SYNOP 2m air relative humidity and temperature, from 2D OI screen level parameters analysis - Satellite data : ASCAT soil moisture (UKMO, ECMWF, KMA), SMOS (dvpt ECMWF, UKMO, Env.Canada) Soil Te ...
... - Simplified Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) (DWD, ECMWF, UKMO) - Conventional observations: Analysed SYNOP 2m air relative humidity and temperature, from 2D OI screen level parameters analysis - Satellite data : ASCAT soil moisture (UKMO, ECMWF, KMA), SMOS (dvpt ECMWF, UKMO, Env.Canada) Soil Te ...
A spectral reflectance-based approach to quantification of grassland
... sensing is usually accomplished through an empirical relationship between grass cover and the value of its corresponding pixels on a satellite image (Friedl, Michaelsen, Davis, Walker, & Schimel, 1994). Prior to the quantification, the satellite image is usually transformed into various indices, one ...
... sensing is usually accomplished through an empirical relationship between grass cover and the value of its corresponding pixels on a satellite image (Friedl, Michaelsen, Davis, Walker, & Schimel, 1994). Prior to the quantification, the satellite image is usually transformed into various indices, one ...
Satellite AIS - developing technology or existing
... units when sufficient physical distance exists between the units. This means that two different units can transmit information at the same time. In areas of high vessel traffic density there could be two or more vessels using the same ‘slot’ to transmit data (data packets) within the footprint of the ...
... units when sufficient physical distance exists between the units. This means that two different units can transmit information at the same time. In areas of high vessel traffic density there could be two or more vessels using the same ‘slot’ to transmit data (data packets) within the footprint of the ...
PDF file - Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing
... 32 pixels, which include at least five rain gauges, are considered. Evaluation results vary by different areas. The satellite products had a Probability of Detection (POD) greater than 40% in the southern part of the country and the regions of the Zagros Mountains. However, all satellite products exh ...
... 32 pixels, which include at least five rain gauges, are considered. Evaluation results vary by different areas. The satellite products had a Probability of Detection (POD) greater than 40% in the southern part of the country and the regions of the Zagros Mountains. However, all satellite products exh ...
What does Remote Sensing Do for Ecology?
... through terrestrial ecosystem s can simulate these in visible processes and are progressively being validated. While many o f the earlier and current m odels require ground-based information (e.g., stem diameter) as driving variables, some recent efforts have been di rected toward developm ent o f ...
... through terrestrial ecosystem s can simulate these in visible processes and are progressively being validated. While many o f the earlier and current m odels require ground-based information (e.g., stem diameter) as driving variables, some recent efforts have been di rected toward developm ent o f ...
Science Writer`s Guide
... Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) - CALIPSO employs an innovative set of instruments to study the role that aerosols and thin clouds play in regulating earth’s weather, climate, and air quality. CALIPSO will collect information about the vertical structure ...
... Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) - CALIPSO employs an innovative set of instruments to study the role that aerosols and thin clouds play in regulating earth’s weather, climate, and air quality. CALIPSO will collect information about the vertical structure ...
Tropospheric water vapour and relative humidity profiles from lidar
... in April 2005. It has taken part of the EARLINET ASOS (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network – Advanced Sustainable Observation System) project and currently is involved in the ACTRIS (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network) European project. Further details in relation ...
... in April 2005. It has taken part of the EARLINET ASOS (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network – Advanced Sustainable Observation System) project and currently is involved in the ACTRIS (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network) European project. Further details in relation ...
Orbit Refinement with the STARE Telescope
... over a 48-hr period proved to be difficult for the exact reasons that the STARE constellation is being proposed: • Targets are only visible ~1.5-2.0 hours before sunrise and after sunset; • Targets with low elevation are obscured by scattered ambient light; and • Only targets with very high incli ...
... over a 48-hr period proved to be difficult for the exact reasons that the STARE constellation is being proposed: • Targets are only visible ~1.5-2.0 hours before sunrise and after sunset; • Targets with low elevation are obscured by scattered ambient light; and • Only targets with very high incli ...
Net primary production and light use efficiency in a
... There have been several attempts to model seasonal variation in e, mainly as a function of air temperature, vapour pressure deficit and soil water deficit (e.g. Waring et al. 1995; Potter et al. 1999) but the relationships have mostly been based on assumptions from the literature and not verified by ...
... There have been several attempts to model seasonal variation in e, mainly as a function of air temperature, vapour pressure deficit and soil water deficit (e.g. Waring et al. 1995; Potter et al. 1999) but the relationships have mostly been based on assumptions from the literature and not verified by ...
11. Global Circulation
... A rotating spherical Earth with no oceans is one example of a toy model. The meridional variation of temperature given later in this chapter is another example. These models are designed to capture only the dominant processes. They are toy models, not complete models. Toy models are used extensi ...
... A rotating spherical Earth with no oceans is one example of a toy model. The meridional variation of temperature given later in this chapter is another example. These models are designed to capture only the dominant processes. They are toy models, not complete models. Toy models are used extensi ...
landsat overview - National Academy of Sciences
... – Conduct research on natural and human-induced changes to Earth’s land, land cover, and inland surface waters, and manage a global land surface data national archive and its distribution; – Determine the operational requirements for collection, processing, archiving, and distribution of land surfac ...
... – Conduct research on natural and human-induced changes to Earth’s land, land cover, and inland surface waters, and manage a global land surface data national archive and its distribution; – Determine the operational requirements for collection, processing, archiving, and distribution of land surfac ...
The Intelsat EpicNG Platform: High Throughput, High Performance
... may dictate transitioning to a high performance satellite platform that uses the same frequency. ...
... may dictate transitioning to a high performance satellite platform that uses the same frequency. ...
Antarctic Cartography: The Mapping of Terra Australis Incognita
... It was not until over a century later that Antarctic maps evolved from basic conceptual charts into more sophisticated maps based on exploration. The first significant exploration of the continent occurred between 1772 and 1775 when Captain James Cook completed his circumnavigation of Antarctica. Hi ...
... It was not until over a century later that Antarctic maps evolved from basic conceptual charts into more sophisticated maps based on exploration. The first significant exploration of the continent occurred between 1772 and 1775 when Captain James Cook completed his circumnavigation of Antarctica. Hi ...
Microsoft Word - Liou_primary_research.doc
... covers a variety of fields, including astrophysics, applied physics and optics, planetary sciences, atmospheric sciences and meteorology, as well as various engineering disciplines. Prior to 1950, the subject of radiative transfer was studied principally by astrophysicists, although it was also an i ...
... covers a variety of fields, including astrophysics, applied physics and optics, planetary sciences, atmospheric sciences and meteorology, as well as various engineering disciplines. Prior to 1950, the subject of radiative transfer was studied principally by astrophysicists, although it was also an i ...
The combined Fog Monitoring System over the
... The decision tree obtained with the CART analysis allows us to derive a fog probability depending on the meteorological conditions (temperature, wind, humidity etc.) recorded by the ground stations. The fact that this method very rarely gives high fog probabilities limits its value in comparison to ...
... The decision tree obtained with the CART analysis allows us to derive a fog probability depending on the meteorological conditions (temperature, wind, humidity etc.) recorded by the ground stations. The fact that this method very rarely gives high fog probabilities limits its value in comparison to ...
Satellite temperature measurements
The temperature of the atmosphere at various altitudes as well as sea and land surface temperatures can be inferred from satellite measurements. These measurements can be used to locate weather fronts, monitor the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, determine the strength of tropical cyclones, study urban heat islands and monitor the global climate. Wildfires, volcanos, and industrial hot spots can also be found via thermal imaging from weather satellites.Weather satellites do not measure temperature directly but measure radiances in various wavelength bands. Since 1978 Microwave sounding units (MSUs) on National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar orbiting satellites have measured the intensity of upwelling microwave radiation from atmospheric oxygen, which is proportional to the temperature of broad vertical layers of the atmosphere. Measurements of infrared radiation pertaining to sea surface temperature have been collected since 1967.Satellite datasets show that over the past four decades the troposphere has warmed and the stratosphere has cooled. Both of these trends are consistent with the influence of increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases.