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Transcript
Plate Tectonics Vocabulary 1. Continental drift- the hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations; the movement of continents 2. Plate tectonics- the theory that Earth’s outer layer is made up of large, moving pieces called tectonic plates; the theory explains how plates interact and how those interactions relate to processes such as earthquakes and mountain building 3. Theory- a system of ides that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation 4. Sea-floor spreading- the process by which new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) forms when magma rises to Earth’s surface at mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, as older, existing sea floor moves away from the ridge. 5. Subduction- the process by which one lithospheric plate moves beneath another palte as a result of tectonic forces 6. Magnetic reversal- the process by which Earth’s magnetic north pe and magnetic south pole switch positions periodically; a change in the direction in which Earth’s magnetic field points 7. Lithosphere- the solid, out layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle 8. Asthenosphere- the soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move 9. Tectonic plate- a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle 10. Deformation- the bending, tilting, and breaking of Earth’s crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress 11. Convergent boundary- the boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding 12. Divergent boundary- the boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other 13. Transform boundary- the boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding peas each other horizontally