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PASMODIN DROPS/SUSPENSION Generic name: Category: Composition: Dicyclomine+Simethicone Antispasmodic/ Anti-cholinergic Pasmodin Suspension Each 5ml contains Dicyclomine HCL USP……………10mg Simethicone USP……..…………....40mg Pasmodin Drops Available in 50ml pack Each ml contains Dicyclomine HCL USP…………….10mg Simethicone USP…………………...40mg Available in 15ml pack MECHANISM OF ACTION Dicyclomine relieves smooth muscle spam of gastrointestinal tract via a dual mechanism: Has direct smooth muscle relaxant action in addition to weak anti-cholinergic actions. As a result tone and amplitude of contractions of stomach and intestine are reduced…spam may be relieved. Simethicone is used to relieve painful pressure caused by excess gas in the stomach and intestines..esp in breast feeding babies where they inhale air along with the milk. Simethicone allows gas bubbles in the stomach and intestines to come together more easily, which allows for easier passage of gas. INDICATIONS Irritable bowel syndrome: Generally affects the large intestine and is characterized by cramping, bloating, gas, diarrhea and constipation. Flatulence: A state of Excessive gas in an alimentary canal. Intestinal spasm and cramps: Painful sensation caused by muscle contraction. PHARMACOKINETICS Absorption: Rapidly absorbed, Tmax: 60-90 mins (oral) Distribution: Volume of distribution: approx 3.65L/kg Excretion: 79.5% excreted in the urine and 8.4% in faeces. Half-life: Approx 1.8 hrs. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Infant(6months-1year): 0.5 ml orally 3-4 times daily Children(1- 11/2 year): 1ml-5ml orally 3-4 times daily. Children( 11/2-12 years): 10ml 3-4 times a day All doses are administered 15minutes before feed. CONTRAINDICATIONS • Contraindicated for child under 6 months. • Antimuscarinics are contra-indicated in myasthenia gravis paralytic ileus, pyloric stenosis, and toxic megacolon. • SIDE EFFECTS Side-effects that occur occasionally include nausea, vomiting, and giddiness; very rarely, angle closure glaucoma may occur. Other muscarinic side effects (marked much less): constipation, transient bradycardia (followed by tachycardia, palpitation and arrhythmias), reduced bronchial secretions, urinary urgency and retention, dilatation of the pupils with loss of accommodation, photophobia, dry mouth, flushing and dryness of the skin