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Biology Midterm 2013
5 points
• What is an independent
variable?
• Changes
• What is a dependent
variable?
• Measured
• What is a control
group?
• What everything is
compared to.
1
5 points
• After learning about
viruses in Biology class,
Sam decides to have his
cat vaccinated against
feline leukemia virus.
According to cell theory,
are viruses, such as
feline leukemia,
considered living
things? Why?
• No, because they are
not composed of cells.
2
10 points
• What is the sequence in
order from the simplest
level of organization to
the most complex?
(start with atom and
end with organism)
• Atom-moleculeorganelle-celltissue-organ-organ
system- organism
3
10 points
• The presence of which
structure indicates that
cells are NOT bacteria?
• Chloroplast
4
5 points
• Which of the following
• Endocrine
body systems produces
hormones that are
essential for the
regulation of the human
reproductive cycle?
5
5 points
• Which physiological
system includes the
lungs, trachea, and
pharynx?
• Respiratory
6
5 points
• Which property of
water is responsible for
all other properties of
water?
• Polarity
7
10 points
• Adding acid to a
solution of sugar would
cause what kind of
change in OH- ions and
H+ ions?
• OH- ions would
decrease
• H+ ions would increase
8
10 points
• Papain, an enzyme in
papaya, breaks down
polymers composed of
amino acids. What is
the name of the
polymer that Papain
breaks down?
• Protein
9
10 points
• An organelle found in a
liver cell would best be
identified as a
lysosome. What is the
function of a lysosome?
• Digestion of
macromolecules and
old organelles
10
10 points
• Naomi adds
cyclohexamide to cells
grown in a test tube.
Within minutes, she
identifies short
incomplete segments of
proteins in the cells. On
which organelle does
cyclohexamide act?
• Ribosome
11
10 pts
• Biochemists have created an
artificial cell membrane that they
hope to insert into artificial red
blood cells for future dehydration
and transportation into outer
space.
• When scientists stain natural cell
membranes with a heavy metal,
they can view the membranes with
an electron microscope. The heavy
metal stains the non-polar
hydrophobic tails of phospholipid
membranes. If the artificial
membranes resemble natural
membranes, what area(s), when
viewed under a microscope, would
appear stained? (Note: Shading
represents stains.)
12
10 points
• A paramecium lives in a
relatively hypotonic
environment. Which of
structure does the
paramecium use to
maintain homeostasis
under these conditions,
and how does it do so?
• Contractile vacuole; by
expelling water from
the intracellular space
into the extracellular
space
13
5 points
• A scientist places a cell
in a solution, and over
time the cell gains mass
and swells. What is the
most likely explanation
for the cell’s gain in
mass?
• The solution is
hypotonic to the cell.
14
10 pts
• The diagram shows a cell
membrane composed of
a phospholipid bilayer
with a channel protein.
Each x represents the
same type of molecule
inside or outside the cell.
Facilitated diffusion
moves these molecules
across the cell
membrane. In what
direction do these
molecules move and
through which structure?
From outside to inside
through the channel
protein
15
5 points
• By what process does a
sodium ion exit a cell
through the plasma
membrane?
• ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Passive Transport
Or
Active Transport
16
5 points
• Store energy
The phosphate-phosphate
bond in ATP allows it to do
what for cells?
17
5 points
• What is the difference
between ionic and
covalent bonding?
• Electrons are exchanged
between atoms held
together by an ionic
bond, but they are
shared between atoms
held together by a
covalent bond.
18
10 points
• What process creates
ADP and energy from
ATP?
• Hydrolysis
19
10 points
• What is the primary
function of most
epithelial tissues?
• Lining internal or
external surfaces of the
body
20
5 points
• What kind of tissue is
this a picture of?
• Bone (connective)
tissue
21
5 points
• What is an isotope?
• Atoms with the same
number of protons but
with different number
of neutrons
22
10 points
• What are the functions of proteins?
1. help to fight disease
2. control the rate of reactions and regulate
cell processes
3. build tissues such as bone and muscle
23
5 points
• What monomer makes
up a nucleic acid?
• Nucleotide
24