Download Unit 2 Cells Study Guide

Cells and Cell Membrane Exam Study Guide
1. How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells, how are they similar?
2. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells.
3. List the organelles and cellular components found in plant and animal cells and describe
the function of each. (Check the pictures we drew in class to be sure you have the
necessary components listed)
4. If bacteria do not have organelles, where do the enzymes that allow for cellular
respiration (and sometimes photosynthesis) reside?
5. How do phospholipids in the cell membrane move according to the fluid mosaic model of
cell membranes?
6. Facilitated diffusion & active transport both require what molecules in cell membranes?
7. What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
8. List and give the function the cellular junctions found in both plant and animal cells?
Which of the three animal cell junctions is most like the cellular junctions in plant cells?
9. What are the main structural components in a plasma membrane?
10. List and give the function of all components of the cellular membrane and the
extracellular matrix.
11. What is the main function of glycoproteins and glycolipids in animal cell membranes?
12. What is the main function of cholesterol in cell membranes? Do all types of cells have
cholesterol in their membranes?
13. How do phospholipids in the cell membrane move according to the fluid mosaic model of
cell membranes?
14. What chemical in animal cell membranes maintains their fluid nature – even at very low
temperatures?
15. Explain why unsaturated fatty acids could keep a membrane more fluid at lower
temperatures (use what you know from the biochemistry unit)?
16. Compare and contrast diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion and active transport.
17. What type of protein is embedded in cell membranes that allow water to move across a
membrane even though it is a polar molecule?
18. How can you determine if a cell is in an isotonic solution? Hypertonic? Hypotonic? (i.e.
What evidence would you observe)
19. What is the difference between endo- and exocytosis? By what process do large solids
move into a cell? Smaller particles?
Vocabulary
Cell fractionization
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Nucleoid
Microfilaments
actin
Intermediate filaments
Plasmodesmata
Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Gap junctions
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
pinocytosis
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Active transport
Diffusion
osmosis