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Transcript
Section 3 (continued… again) The Delian League Persian Occupation • Persians had been driven from Greece • Still controlled Ionia • Athenians suggested that the Greek city-states form a protective group The Delian League • 478 B.C. • A defensive league • Headquarters was island of Delos • Sparta and a few other city-states did not join league Members of Delian League • Once a member, city-states could not withdraw unless all agreed • Ships were built and crewed by Athenians but all city-states shared costs Problems for the Delian League • Worked for a while • Athens became more powerful Athenian Control • Other city-states had to have permission to sail or trade • Criminals were tried in Athens • Athenian coins replace other Greek money • Athenian soldiers interfered in politics (in other city-states) The Delian League had become the Athenian Empire! Pericles • 460 B.C. (ruled for 30 years) • Athenian Leader • “first citizen” of Athens • Wanted Athens to be most beautiful city of the time • Rebuilt palaces and temples • Built Long Wall Parthenon • Temple of goddess, Athena • Took 11 years to build • Built with money that belonged to Delian League Long Wall • Two parallel fortified walls with tile roofs • Connected Athens with seaport of Piraeus 5 miles away • Helped Athens get supplies in time of war Decline of Athens • Resentment grew from other city-states • Athens attacked an ally of Sparta • Sparta and allies declared war on Athens Peloponnesian War • 431 B.C. • Lasted almost 30 years • Both Athens and Sparta suffered greatly • 405 B.C. – Sparta captured Athenian navy • Athens food supply was cut off • 404 B.C. – Athens surrendered to Sparta Athens – post war • Because of war and a plague that struck during war, Athens lost more than ¼ of its people • Many left Athens to become Mercenaries (hired soldiers) for the Persians Athens under Spartan Rule • Sparta set up oligarchy • 30 Athenian aristocrats ruled • Athenians revolted and set up democracy • Never gained the power it had once had Problems with Persia • 399 B.C. – Sparta helps Ionians against Persians • 395 B.C. – Corinthian War – Persians stir up Athens, Argos, Corinth & Thebes to revolt against Sparta • 387 B.C. – “King’s Peace” – Persia mediates between Sparta and Athens Greeks were never able to regain their unity!
