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Depictions of Buddha • There are many different statues and paintings of Siddartha Gautama, the Buddha. • The reason for these different representations is that Buddhism is typically absorbed into other cultures. (For example, Buddhism in China became Chinese instead of China becoming Buddhist.) Seated Buddha • The Seated Buddha represents Buddha reaching enlightenment under the fig tree. Obese, Laughing Buddha • The Obese, Laughing Buddha is popular in China. • This figure is believed to be a representation of a medieval Chinese monk and therefore technically not a Buddha image. Emaciated Buddha • The Emaciated Buddha, which shows Siddhartha Gautama during his extreme ascetic practice of starvation. • Despite these specific cultural artistic traditions, some fundamental standards for Buddha statues remain a constant, and among these are the various poses of the Buddha and what those poses mean. • These poses are called mudras. Mudras • Mudras are ritualistic gestures and poses that are used in both Buddhism and Hinduism, reflecting their common Indian heritage. • All statues of the Buddha represent him performing one of the mudras. Many of the mudras are depicted through simple hand gestures, but others are full-body poses. 5 Most Common Mudras • Abhaya mudra: right hand raised and palm facing out, with the left hand down toward the hips and also facing out, symbolizing peaceful intentions and peacemaking; • Bhumisparsha mudra: all five fingers of the right hand reaching to touch the ground, symbolizing the enlightenment of the Buddha under the Bodhi tree • Dhyana mudra: one or both hands in the lap, symbolizing wisdom, possibly supplemented by ritual objects such as an alms bowl • Dharmachakra mudra (the thumb and index finger of both hands touch at their tips to form a circle, symbolizing the Wheel of Dharma • Varada mudra: both hands at waist level, palms out, right hand up and left hand down Activity Time! • You will be given blank paper. • Recreate the Buddha as you imagine him to have been. Along with your drawing, write 50-100 words explaining your interpretation of Buddha.