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NAME____________________________________ INTRODUCTION TO GENETIC PROBLEMS To complete the following problems, you will need to remember the following list of terms. Test your memory by matching the term or description in the column on the right with the meaning or example given in the column on the left. Write the number of each answer in the space provided. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. genotypes homozygous dominant homozygous recessive heterozygous phenotypes purebred ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ RR the gene pairs an individual carries the appearance of an individual, based on the gene pairs carried having 2 of the same alleles for a given trait having 2 different alleles for a given trait rr PART 1 For each of the following problems below, do the following: a. b. c. d. e. assign symbols for each allele write the genotypes of the parents complete a Punnett square showing the possible offspring list the genotypic ratios of the offspring list the phenotypic ratios of the offspring EXAMPLE: Cross a homozygous black rat with a homozygous white rat. Black is the dominant form. a. b. c. B=black, b=white BB x bb d. e. 1. a. b. c. In a certain species of rat, black color dominates white. Cross two hybrid black rats. _______ X_______ d. e. 2. a. b c. Cross a hybrid black rat with a white one. _______ X_______ d. e. 3. a. b. c. In garden peas, tall plants dominate short plants. Cross a homozygous tall plant with a short plant. ______X_______ d. e. 4. Cross a hybrid plant with a homozygous tall one. a. b. c. ______X______ d. e. PART 2 In the next 2 sets of problems, the traits show incomplete dominance. This means that neither trait is dominant; if both alleles are present, the phenotype is a blend of the 2 traits. EXAMPLE: In guinea pigs, neither yellow nor white color dominates. They blend to form a cream color in the heterozygote. Cross a cream colored guinea pig with a yellow one. a. b. c. Y=yellow, W=white, YW=cream ______X______ d. e. 1. a. b. c. Cross a yellow guinea pig with a white one. d. _____X_____ e. 2. a. b c. Cross two cream colored guinea pigs. _____X_____ d. e. 3. Cross two white guinea pigs. a. b. c. _____X_____ d. e. 4. a. b. c. In certain species of chickens, black blends with white to make a speckled plumage. Cross a black chicken with a white one. Assume both are pure breeding for their trait. ____X____ d. e. 5. a. b. c. Cross two speckled chickens. _____X_____ d. e. 6. a. b. c. Cross a speckled chicken with a black one. ______X______ d. e. 7. Cross a speckled chicken with a white one. a. b. c. _____X_____ d. e.