Download Deserts, Towns, and Trade Routes

10-1 “The Rise of Islam”
Deserts, Towns, and Trade Routes
 The Arabian Peninsula
o A ____________of three continents: Africa, Asia, Europe.
o Mostly desert with a small amount of fertile land
 Desert and Town Life
o Bedouins, Arab nomads, __________ in the desert.
o Bedouins live in _____, which give support to members.
o Some Arabs settle near __________ or market towns.
 Crossroads of Trade and Ideas
o Many sea and land trade routes pass through Arabia.
o Trade extends to the _____________ and
_______________empires to the north.
 Mecca
o Pilgrims come to Mecca to worship at the ____________,
an ancient shrine.
o Arabs associate shrine with Hebrew prophet Abraham
and monotheism.
o Some tribes worship _________ gods and spirits, and
bring idols to Ka’aba.
o Some Arabs believe in ________ God—Allah in Arabic
The Prophet Muhammad
 Early Life
o Around A.D. 570 Muhammad is born into a
________________Meccan clan.
o He becomes a trader, and marries a _____________
businesswoman, Khadijah.
 Revelations
o By age 40, Muhammad spends much time in prayer
and meditation
10-1 “The Rise of Islam”
o He claims to hear the angel ______________ tell him he
is a _________________ of Allah.
o ____________________ founded the religion of Islam—
meaning “submission to the will of Allah”
o Many join him and become Muslim—meaning “one who
has _______________.”
 The Hijrah
o Muhammad’s followers are ______________; together
they leave Mecca in 622.
o Hijrah was the Muslim _______________ from Mecca to
Yathrib (renamed _____________).
o Muhammad attracts many more followers and becomes
a great leader.
 ________________leader—joins Jews and Arabs of
Medina in a single community.
 ________________ leader—draws more converts to
Islam.
 _________________ leader—tackles growing
hostilities between Mecca and Medina
 Returning to Mecca
o In 630, Muhammad and _______________followers
return to Mecca
o Meccan leaders surrender.
o Muhammad destroys _________ in the Ka’aba.
o Meccans convert to Islam.
o Muhammad ___________ Arabian Peninsula.
10-1 “The Rise of Islam”
The Beliefs and Practices of Islam
 Islam
o The main teaching of Islam is that there is only
________ god, ____________.
o People are responsible for their own actions; there is
________ and __________.
o Islamic monument in Jerusalem—Dome of the Rock.
 It is the ___________existing Islamic building in
the world.
 ______________ believe Muhammad rose to
__________ here to learn Allah’s will.
 _________ believe Abraham was prepared to
_____________ son Isaac at that same site.
 The Five Pillars: Muslims must carry out these five duties.
o Statement of _________ to Allah and to Muhammad as
his prophet.
o ___________ five times a day. Muslims may use the
mosque for this (an Islamic house of worship).
o Giving ___________, or money for the poor.
o _____________ between dawn and sunset during the
holy month of Ramadan.
o Performing the __________—pilgrimage to Mecca—at
least once in a lifetime.
 A Way of Life
o Customs and traditions of Islam guide Muslim’s lives.
o A scholar class, ulama, are teachers who apply religion
to life. There are______________.
 Sources of Authority
o Original _________ of authority for Muslims is _________.
10-1 “The Rise of Islam”
o _________________(Koran)—holy book, contains
revelations Muhammad claims to have received from
Allah.
o Muslims follow ____________—Muhammad’s example
for proper living.
o Guidance of the Qur’an and Sunna are assembled in a
body of law called____________.
 Links to Judaism and Christianity
o Muslims believe Allah is the ________ God worshiped by
Christians and Jews.
o Muslims believe the Qur’an, Gospels, and Torah
contain God’s will as revealed____________________.
o Muslims, Christians, and Jews trace their roots to
_________________.
o All three religions believe in ___________, __________,
and a day of __________________.
o Shari’a law requires Muslim leaders to extend religious
_________________.