Download The Layer`s Of The Earth!

The Layers of the Earth!
Earth’s Layers
• The Earth is divided into
four main layers.
1. Crust
2. Mantle
3. Outer Core
4. Inner Core
The Crust
• The Earth’s crust is like
the skin of an apple. It
is very thin compared to
the other three layers.
• The crust makes up only
1% of the Earth’s mass.
The Crust
• The crust is composed of
mostly light elements like
silicon and oxygen that
“floated” to the surface
when the Earth was
cooling.
• The crust of the Earth is
broken into many pieces
called plates.
The Crust
• There are 2 types of
crust
– Oceanic (very dense,
made of basalt)
– Continental (less dense,
made of granite)
The Mantle
• The mantle is the layer
below the crust.
• The mantle is the largest
layer of the Earth.
• It is about 2900 km thick
The Mantle
• It is composed of mostly
iron, magnesium and
silicon.
• The mantle accounts for
about 70% of the Earth’s
mass
• It is divided into two
regions: the upper and
lower sections.
Hey! Important point here!
• As you move toward
the center of the
Earth the
temperature, the
pressure, and the
density of the layers
all increase
.
Outer Core
• The outer core is
made up of iron and
nickel and it is very
dense.
• It is about 2100 km
thick.
• The outer core is
liquid.
Outer Core
• The rotation and
movement of the liquid
iron outer core creates
the Earth’s magnetic
field known as the
Magnetosphere
Outer Core
• The rotation and
movement of the liquid
iron outer core creates
the Earth’s magnetic
field known as the
Magnetosphere
• Video
Inner Core
• The inner core of the
Earth has
temperatures and
pressures so great
that the metals are
squeezed together
and are not able to
move.
• The inner core is
solid.
Inner Core
• The inner core is
about 1300 km thick.
The Lithosphere
• The crust and the upper part of the
mantle together form a layer called the
Lithosphere.
• It is made of solid but moving masses of
rocky material called the “Tectonic
plates.”
The Asthenosphere
• Directly below the lithosphere is the
asthenosphere.
• It is the partially molten upper part of
the mantle.
• Because the asthenosphere is liquid the
tectonic plates can move around on top
of it.
The Asthenosphere