* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download networked dc/ac power monitor - Txstate
Stepper motor wikipedia , lookup
Audio power wikipedia , lookup
Ground (electricity) wikipedia , lookup
Spark-gap transmitter wikipedia , lookup
Telecommunications engineering wikipedia , lookup
Power over Ethernet wikipedia , lookup
Electric power system wikipedia , lookup
Utility frequency wikipedia , lookup
Pulse-width modulation wikipedia , lookup
Power inverter wikipedia , lookup
Electrical ballast wikipedia , lookup
Schmitt trigger wikipedia , lookup
Variable-frequency drive wikipedia , lookup
Power engineering wikipedia , lookup
Amtrak's 25 Hz traction power system wikipedia , lookup
Current source wikipedia , lookup
Three-phase electric power wikipedia , lookup
Electrical substation wikipedia , lookup
Power MOSFET wikipedia , lookup
Immunity-aware programming wikipedia , lookup
Voltage regulator wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
History of electric power transmission wikipedia , lookup
Buck converter wikipedia , lookup
Stray voltage wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Voltage optimisation wikipedia , lookup
NETWORKED DC/AC POWER MONITOR Freescale – Thread IoT GROUP 2.4 ALAN H HENDERSON BRIAN SAMUELS LAHCEN BOUHOU KELSEY KING SAMUEL CHABOT PROJECT MANAGER HARDWARE ENGINEER HARDWARE ENGINEER SOFTWARE ENGINEER SOFTWARE ENGINEER Project Description Goal: Design a networked solution to monitor AC and DC power for use on the solar panel and wind turbine setup for the SMART Lab Scope: Design and implement a prototype • Flexibility to sense AC and DC voltage and current experienced in the SMART Lab • Data transmission using Thread network • Power Management Stretch Goals • Design a minimal PCB layout • Deploy a full scale network • GUI to analyze power production in the SMART lab SMART Lab Schematic • Flexible design to account for all SMART Lab devices 6750 W System • 87 locations for sensors o 53 solar panels o 9 wind turbines o 18 8D sealed lead-acid storage batteries o 7 DC/AC inverters • Each will measure voltage and current o 174 signals to transmit via Thread Three 1520 W Systems Design Constraints • Versatile design for universal pairing with various SMART Lab elements o Solar panels o Wind turbines o Batteries o Inverters • IEEE 802.15.4 compatibility required • Lowest possible cost due to future mass production • Weather-proofing • Sense DC/AC voltage: o Voltage range between 0V-300V max o Resolution has to be 0.1 V o Sample Frequency 1Hz o Batch frequency between 1to 10 min • Sense DC/AC current: o The current range between 0A -150 A max o Resolution has to be 0.05A o Sample Frequency 1Hz o Batch frequency between 1to 10 min Hardware Design Details: Sensing • The sensing circuits can measure AC and DC voltages and currents o 3 phase AC o Frequency will be measured via a zero crossing strategy at the software level o Phase angle can also be measured and will also occur at the software level • Voltage sensing via a voltage division resistive network and an operational amplifier o Large resistances to limit current • Current sensing utilizes a ACS759KCB-150B-PFF-T hall effect IC o This device is rated to read ±150A bidirectional o Outputs 0 to 3.3V, where -150A equals 0V and +150A equals 3.3V Hardware Design Details: Power • Power will initially be provided via a battery pack but parasitic power is being pursued. o On a board level using another resistive network and a voltage regulation circuit. This will result in significantly increased costs and a more complicated PCB. o A single DC source connected to the main battery pack for the entire solar and wind power array. This will be easier but it will also entail routing low voltage DC wires back out to every sensor. This negates some of the benefits of having a wireless system. Hardware Solution •Circuit required to both reduce and offset the voltage to a range of 0 to 3.3V. •Figure shows utilization of operational amplifier with negative feedback loop •A voltage divider used to reduce onboard power supply to offset the voltage to the desired range of 0 to 3.3V. Validation Test Plan The following cases are tested using the KW24D512-TWR board as a prototype: Sense DC/AC voltage: •Voltage range between 0V-300V max •Resolution has to be 0.1V •Sample Frequency 1Hz •Batch frequency between 1 to 10 min Sense DC/AC current: •The current range between 0A -150A max •Resolution has to be 0.05A •Sample Frequency 1Hz •Batch frequency between 1 to 10 min Data Transmission verified using Proximetry Agent Thread Network • Thread group established in July 2014 • IPv6-based • Self-healing mesh networking protocol • IEEE 802.15.4 standard transmission hardware compatible • Support for up to 250 devices • Texas State University Thread network deployed April 2015 • Thread updates scheduled will include capability to transmit multiple data types Proximetry Agent • Web-based interface coupled with Thread • Displays real-time network information o Routers o Devices o Access points o Status of nodes • Responsible for receiving and charting transmitted data • Secure, location-independent access via web login Proximetry Data Monitoring • Real-time data view • Time axis expandable from five minutes to one week • Multiple users able to concurrently view data • Future updates will allow for data types to be displayed at once Prototype Budget Project Name Project Section Company Cost Each Cost Total Cost 500 DC Voltage Voltage Divider 3 10 Vishay/Mouser $0.19 $1.90 $0.125 Voltage Divider 3 10 Vishay/Mouser $0.12 $1.20 $0.120 Voltage Divider 6 10 Vishay/Mouser $0.19 $1.90 Operational Amplifier 3 5 Mouser $0.58 $2.90 Input Resistor 3 5 Mouser $0.26 $1.30 Feedback Resistor 3 5 Mouser $0.69 $3.45 Current Transducer 3 3 Digi-Key $7.98 $23.94 10uF Capacitor 1 2 Mouser $0.56 $1.12 0.1uF Capacitor 1 2 Mouser $0.30 $0.60 $0.340 Circuit Protection 3.3V Zener Diodes 14 14 Mouser $0.34 $4.76 $0.250 Freescale Tower Development Board 1 1 Freescale $149.00 (Donated) $0.188 Elevator Module 1 1 Freescale $39.00 (Donated) $0.000 AC Voltage Required Total (with spares) $0.190 $0.266 $0.180 AC/DC Current Total: $43.07 $0.179 $4.200 $6.07 Impact • Our solution provides a wireless flexible data collection tool: o AC/DC o Current/Voltage o Wide ranges • Monitor the Efficiency of the SMART Lab • Other Possible Applications: o DC grid data collection and evaluation • Safety: o High voltages and currents • Ethical: o With the evolution of connected devices, security becomes an inherent concern •Environmental: o Low power characteristics mean efficient operation o Materials can be sourced environmentally-friendly Future Plans • New iterations of the Thread networking protocol o multiple data types o generated software hooks/constructed hardware - 3-phase AC voltage, current, and power - Minimal PCB layout can be expanded upon - Prototype can be duplicated and deployed across the desired 87 locations in the SMART Lab to take full advantage of the power monitoring solution.