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THE EUROPEAN HERITAGE
CHAPTER 1.4
THE JUDEO-CHRISTIAN TRADITION
SHAPED EUROPEAN RELIGIOUS AND MORAL THINKING.
JUDAISM
• AROSE AROUND 1700 B.C.
• A SYSTEM
• WAS
OF BELIEFS AMONG THE ISRAELITES.
THE MAJOR WORLD RELIGION TO TEACH MONOTHEISM (IDEA OF ONLY ONE
• ISRAELITES CREDITED MOISES WITH
BRINGING
• HELD THAT EVEN THE MOST POWERFUL RULER
GOD)
GOD'S LAW TO THEM (10 COMMANDMENTS)
HAD TO OBEY
GOD'S LAW.
CHRISTIANITY
• ABOUT 2,000 YEARS AGO, JESUS
BEGAN TO PREACH.
• MANY BELIEVED THAT HE WAS THE MESSIAH, THE SAVIOR CHOSEN BY GOD.
• CROWDS FLOCKED TO HEAR HIM SPEAK.
• ROMAN RULERS
OF JERUSALEM ARRESTED, TRIED, AND CRUCIFIED JESUS.
• 3 DAYS LATER HE RISE FROM THE DEAD.
• JESUS, IN HIS TEACHINGS, EMPHASIZED LOVE, MERCY, AND FORGIVENESS.
• EVERYONE HAS AN EQUAL CHANCE FOR SALVATION, OR EVERLASTING LIFE.
• ROMANS SAW CHRISTIANITY AS A THREAT.
GREEK AND ROMAN TRADITIONS
SHAPED EUROPEAN POLITICAL SYSTEMS
ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY
• IN THE 5TH CENTURY B.C. GREECE HAD A BIRTH OF DEMOCRACY.
• ATHENS WAS A DIRECT DEMOCRACY.
• DEFINITION OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY
• A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH AN ASSEMBLY OF ORDINARY CITIZENS MAKES DECISIONS.
• DIRECT DEMOCRACY DIFFERS FROM OUR DEMOCRACY.
• PEOPLE ELECT RULERS/OFFICIALS TO MAKE DECISIONS.
• ANY ADULT MALE CITIZEN COULD PARTICIPATE
• NO WOMEN, SLAVES, OR FOREIGN BORN PEOPLE.
ROMAN GOVERNMENT AND LAW
• IN 509 B.C., ROMANS OVERTHREW
THEIR KING AND SET UP A REPUBLIC.
• DEFINITION OF A REPUBLIC
• A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH PEOPLE CHOOSE REPRESENTATIVES TO GOVERN THEM.
• ROME HAD A CODE OF LAWS THAT DEFINED THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS.
• EVERYONE WAS EQUAL UNDER THE LAW
• INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY.