Download Balsam Fir Abies Balsamea - Otsego County Soil and Water

Otsego Soil & Water Conservation District
967 County Highway 33
Cooperstown, NY 13326
Telephone: 607-547-8337 ext. 4
Fax: 607-547-8814
Website: www.otsegosoilandwater.com
SEEDLINGS:
A seedling is a plant that has
been planted into its first
seedbed. Seedlings are
economical for large-scale
plantings.
TRANSPLANTS:
Transplants are seedlings, which have been
removed from the seedbed and placed into
a transplant bed. Compared to a seedling,
transplants have a superior root system and
the main stem is more developed.
Coniferous Tree Varieties
Northern White Cedar (American Arborvitae) Thuja occidentalis
Growth Form:
 Height: 40-70 ft
 Crown: narrowly conic to broadly pyramidal (USDA Plants)
 Bark: grey to reddish brown, fibrous
 Needles: scale like, opposite in alternating pairs, about an inch long
 Cones: 1/3 to ½ inch long,
Habitat: Cool, moist, nutrient rich soils.
Uses: Ornamental, wildlife, timber (fence posts, etc.).
Balsam Fir Abies balsamea
(Wisconsin Christmas tree Producers Association)
Growth Form:
 Height: 40-60 ft
 Crown: narrow, conical
 Bark: smooth and gray with resin blisters
 Needles: ¾-1 inch tall, often curved
 Cone: 2-4 inches long, purplish color, stand erect on branches
Habitat: Grows on a variety of sites, but prefers a loamy soil (USDA Plants Database).
Uses: Christmas trees, pulpwood.
Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens
(USDA Plants Database
Growth Form:
 Height: 70-100 ft
 Crown: long conical
 Cones: 2 ½-4 inches long, color green to violet, ripening to a pale brown
 Bark: thick, gray brown, breaking into furrows and ridges
 Needle: grow at right angle from twig, stiff and sharp, ½-1 in long, silvery to blue green
Habitat:
 Cultivated on wide variety of soils that are well drained
 Does not tolerate very moist soils
Uses: Often planted as an ornamental and Christmas Trees species.
Douglas Fir Pseudotsuga menziesii
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 80-200 ft
 Crown: conical
 Cones: 3-4 in long, have 3 pointed bracts on cone longer than cone scale
 Bark: dark gray with resin blisters
 Needle: ¾ to 1 inch in length, persistent (up to 8 years)
Habitat: Grows best on deep, moist, well drained soils.
Uses: Lumber, conservation (erosion control, etc.), windbreaks, wildlife (food, habitat),
Christmas Trees.
Fraser Fir Abies fraseri
(Comstock Trees and Services)
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 30-50 ft
 Crown: narrow, conical
 Cones: pollen cones ½ inches in length, seed cones 1 ½-2 inches
 Bark: smooth, with resin blisters
 Needle: About ½ to 1 inch in length
 Root system: very shallow
Habitat: Prefers soils that are shallow or rocky.
Uses: Conservation (erosion control, etc.), Ornamental, Christmas tree
(USFS Index of Species Information).
Norway Spruce Picea Abies
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 80-100 ft
 Crown: conical
 Cones: 4-6 in long, diamond shaped scales
 Bark: orange brown, scaly
 Needle: light to dark green, 4 sided, under 1 inch in length
Habitat:Can live on a variety of sites
Uses: Ornamental, pulpwood (The Gymnosperm Database).
White Pine Pinus strobus
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 80-150 ft
 Crown: pyramidal, distinctive plate-like branching
 Cones: 4-8 in long, 1 in thick
 Bark: thin, smooth, greenish brown on young, older is dark gray, fissured
 Needle: occur in bundles of 5, 2 1/5-5 inches long
Habitat: Can grow in a variety of sites and soil types.
Uses: Timber, ornamental, wildlife (seeds eaten by squirrels, deer, birds, etc.), conservation
(erosion control, etc.).
White Spruce Picea glauca
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 40-100 ft
 Crown: broadly conic to spire like, branches point upward
 Cones: 1-2 ½ in long, brown
 Bark: gray brown, thin scales
 Needle: blue-green, 4 sided, often with whitish coating
Habitat: Grows best in mineral soil, can tolerate various conditions.
Uses: Pulpwood, lumber, Christmas trees, ornamental.
Deciduous Tree Varieties
Black Cherry Prunus Serotina
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 30-100 ft
 Seed: about ½ inch in diameter, black berry-like fruit
 Bark: fissured, scaley
 Leaf: alternate, simple, 2-5 inches long, ovate, finely toothed
 Flowers: Clusters of small, white, 5 petaled
Habitat: Intolerant of shade, prefers rich soils and bottomlands.
Uses: Wood valuable for lumber, wildlife value (fruit used as food by birds and mammals)
.
Black Walnut Juglans nigra
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 70-90 ft
 Seed: about 1½ to 2 inches in diameter, sphere shaped, thick fleshy husk
 Bark: deep furrowed and ridges, brown to grayish black
 Twig: pith dark, chambered
 Leaf: compound, 6-12 inches long, 9-23 leaflets attached to rachis
 Flowers: grow in terminal clusters
Habitat: Deep, well drained, rich soils.
Uses: Lumber, seeds eaten by wildlife and humans.
Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
(USDA Plants Database, Iowa State University)
Growth Form:
 Height: 40-60 ft tall
 Fruit: 1½-2 ½ in long, oblong, husk-covered nut
 Bark: dark gray with fissure and light gray ridges
 Leaf: 2-5 in long lance-shaped to ovate leaves in 11-17 count leaflets
 Flowers: unisexual, with male and female on the same tree
Habitat: Moist valleys to dry rocky slopes.
Uses: Lumber for furniture and interior woodwork, fruits may be used for food or orange/yellow
dye.
White Oak (Quercus alba)
(woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu)
Growth Form:
 Height: 50-80’
 Nut: acorn
 Bark: light ash brown, small scaly plates at maturity
 Leaf: pyramidal to oval/rounded, dark blue green, turn red in fall
 Flowers: yellow
Habitat: prefers consistently moist, well drained soils, tolerates occasional dry spells
Uses: acorns provide browse for many animal species, used as lumber and fuel
Common Lilac Syringa vulgaris
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: medium sized shrub (12-16 ft tall)
 Seed: ½ in long with wing
 Bark: gray to brown, scaly
 Leaf: simple, ovate, 2-4 ½ in long,
 Flowers: white or purple flowers in terminal clusters
Habitat: Intolerant of shade, can grow in multiple soil types but prefers slightly acidic soil.
Uses: Ornamental, can be used for lilac oil and dyes.
Red Maple- - -Acer rubrum
(USDA Plant Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 60-80 ft
 Seed: double winged samara, ¾ to 1 inch long
 Bark: dark with a red tinge and long scaly plates.
 Leaf: opposite, 3 to 5 palmate lobes with serrated margins; sinuses relatively shallow 2 to
4 inches long.
 Flowers: Scarlet to yellow
Habitat: Varied. Wetlands, moist forests and dry ridges.
Uses: Seeds provide food for squirrels and birds.
Red Oak Quercus rubra
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 60-90 ft
 Seed: acorn, ¾-1 ¼ in long
 Bark: dark gray or black, furrowed
 Leaf: alternate, elliptic, lobed, about 6 inches long, bristle tipped ends
 Flowers: catkins
Habitat: Deep, well drained uplands.
Uses: Lumber, ornamental, wildlife food (acorns for animals).
River Birch (Betula nigra)
(USDA Plant Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 40-80 ft
 Fruit: 1- 1 ½ in cone-like hairy cluster.
 Bark: Papery and rust to salmon-colored. Peels in horizontal strips.
 Leaf: 1 ½-3 in long. Ovate to elliptic with pointed tip. Glossy dark green in color.
 Flower: Yellow or green catkins.
Habitat: Streambanks swamps and floodplains.
Uses: Most drought and disease resistant birch. Great for erosion control.
Sugar Maple Acer Saccharum
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: 70-100 ft
 Seed: double winged samara, ¾ to 1 inch long
 Bark: light gray to gray brown, deeply furrowed
 Leaf: 2-4 inch long, ojpposite, with 5 toothed lobes
 Flowers: small, greenish yellow, in long clusters
Habitat: Rich, well drained soi.l
Uses: Lumber, ornamental, maple syrup.
Eastern Redbud (Cercis Canadensis)
(woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu)
Growth Form:
 Height: 20-35’
 Shape: Horizontal branching habit
 Leaf: Large heart-shaped leaves
 Flower: Reddish-purple
Habitat: Tolerates a wide range of pH, shade and heat, and prolong dry periods. Prefers welldrained soils.
Uses: Ornamental, wildlife attractant
Shrubs
Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis)
(USDA Plants Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: to 12’
 Seed: matures in round clusters similar to sycamores
 Leaves: opposite leave, 2-6 inches long and 1-3 inches wide
 Flowers: Dense, round, 1 inch diameter clusters
Habitat: Best adapted to shorelines and swamps with saturated soil and full sunlight. Will
tolerate water depths up to three feet
Uses: Wetland restoration and riparian zones. It has exceptional wildlife benefits with the seed
being eaten by eight species of waterfowl and the twigs by three species of mammals.
Red osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea)
(USDA Plant Database)
Growth Form:
 Height: Up to 20’
 Seed: White berries with smooth faces and furrowed sides
 Bark: Reddish to purple from autumn to late spring, green in spring through summer
 Leaves: opposite, 2-4 long, dark green above and hairy and lighter colored below, pointed
tips
 Flowers: White to cream colored flowers, June- August
Habitat: Prefer soils that are saturated for at least a portion of the growing season. Common on
edge of lakes, ponds, within wetlands, and along streams
Uses: The fleshy fruits of dogwoods are very valuable to wildlife, particularly in the northeast.
Wildlife browse the twigs, foliage and fruit. Several bird species as well as game birds including
turkeys, pheasants, grouse, and quail eat both the fruits and buds. The shrub provides excellend
nesting habitat for songbirds. Several mammals including black bear, beaver, rabbits, raccoons,
squirrels and deer browse on the foliage. It’s also popular in landscaping as an ornamental.
Forsythia suspensa (Weeping Forsythia)
(woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu)
Growth Form:
 Height: 8-10’ tall and 10-15’ wide
 Shape: Distinct weeping habit with fine, arching, and trailing branches
 Flowers: Yellow, four lobed, 1-1.25 across, usually in groups of 1-3. Blooms in March
and April.
Habitat: Prefers consistently moist, well-drained soils but will tolerated occasional dry periods
Uses: Tolerant of urban conditions, most are used as a cascade on banks and over walls and as
an ornamental. It can also be useful as a barrier or for erosion control on slopes.
WILDFLOWER SEED MIX
The wildflower seed mix covers approximately 1,200-1,500 square foot of ground.
SHADY: As the name implies, this mixture is for lower light conditions. Shady includes 11
varieties that will tolerate shaded and partial sun areas.
SUNNY: Here, the accent is on full sun and drier conditions. The 20 varieties are perfect for
low maintenance areas in the open landscape plan.
ORIGINAL: A mix of Perennial and Annual species that grow in a variety of conditions with a
variety of color and bloom times.
BIRD & BUTTERFLY: The bird and butterfly mixture includes 13 varieties intended to attract
Hummingbirds and Butterflies.
ENVIRO-FRIENDLY SEED MIX: This mix produces a friendly, healthy environment that
attracts Butterflies, Hummingbirds, insects, and songbirds.
Berry Bushes & Fruit Trees
Blueberries:
Southland: Blueberry plants are a deciduous shrub that ranges in heights from10” to 18”. The
flowers are bell-shaped, white, pale pink or red. A high yielding variety. Quality good
throughout the bearing season.
Delite: Blueberry plants are a deciduous shrub that ranges in heights from10” to 18”. The
flowers are bell-shaped, white, pale pink or red. Large crops of large berries. Excellent flavor.
Blackberries: Zone 4-9
Darrow:
The berries themselves are exceptionally large and sugar sweet. One of the most winter hardy
blackberries! Ripen early. Sweet Darrow Blackberry bushes are very thrifty, vigorous growing
bushes that are exceptionally hardy -- having withstood temperatures of 22 below zero. The
bushes are upright with very strong canes, being able to hold up a heavy crop without breaking
down. Quick Crop Plants, 2 - year transplanted.
Dwarf Fruit Trees:
Imagine, full sized delicious fruits from a space saving tree. The dwarf fruit is now available to
all, and at remarkably low prices. Not only are these wonderful trees advantageous from the
standpoint of saving space, they also begin to bear fruit when only 2 to 3 years old. These trees
are produced by budding or grafting regular varieties on special dwarf rootstocks. Trees usually
reach maturity at 6 to 8ft.
Cortland Apple – Developed at Cornell University over 100 years ago, this apple remains one
of the top ten in the state. Apples are bright red and have a sweet yet slightly tart flavor. Flesh is
juicy and slow to brown. These trees thrive in cool climates like our own.
Gala Apple- Native to New Zealand, it is a cross between Golden Delicious and Kidd’s Orange
Red. This apple is pink and yellow, crunchy, juicy and one of the sweetest varieties around.
Galas grow well in a variety of climates and are suited to the cold winters of New York.
Hale Haven Peach- Todays most planted most popular and most dependable, hi-yielding, hiquality, hardy yellow freestone. Rapidly overtaking the Elberta Peach in popularity. Ripens in
mid-July.
Early Elberta Peach- Still the most popular peach on the market, and universally planted.
Yellow freestone of excellent quality; juicy, firm, but tender. Tree is hardy, productive and
disease resistant ripens in late August.
Damson Plum- A purple plum which ripens in September and is small to medium in size. Firm
tart and juicy.
Stanley Prune Plum- Medium-sized purplish fruit. Excellent for preserves, jams and jellies.
Excellent bearers. Freestone. Produces large yields.
Concord Grape- The Concord Grape is one of the most popular and reliable grapes ever grown.
Bunch is large and round, and well shouldered. Berries are large and round almost black in color.
Juicy and delicious with a very sweet, buttery flavor. Ripens in mid to late September.
Bartlett Pear- Known as America’s favorite pear, the Bartlett Pear is easy to grow, produces
beautiful blossoms in the spring and luscious fruit in late summer and can produce fruit for as
much as 100 years. The dwarf variety will grow to a height of approximately 12-15’ with a
spread of about 10’, and can grow 24” or more per year.
Moonglow Pear- Soft and juicy, yet not mushy. Bears fruit for years and ripens in mid August.
Fruit color is red and medium to large in size.