Download Infection Control

INFECTION CONTROL
Linda Henderson
CNC Infection Control
Royal District Nursing Service & Domiciliary Care SA
September 2006
0411 657 054
Objectives
• Understand how infection is spread
• Knowledge of how to prevent the spread
of infection through the use of standard
precautions
• Applying the principles of infection control
in laundry settings
How?
• 5 modes of transmission
– Airborne- very small, expelled when coughing,
sneezing, remain airborne and can travel some
distance (aerolised)
– Droplet – larger, travel up to a metre, close
contact, larger molecules
– Contact – direct contact/indirect contact
– Vehicle - contaminated food/water/blood
– Vector - insects, animals/rodents
AS/NZS 4146:2000
• Hand washing facilities
• Design: dirty
clean (prevent cross
contamination)
• Staff report infections; have I/C knowledge
• Provision of PPE
• Time, temperature, agitation + detergent
• 60° for 30mins kills HIV; 98° for 2mins kills
Hep B;
Blood Borne Viruses
• Hepatitis B, C & HIV/AIDS
• Transmission by direct blood contact – sexual
intercourse, sharing needles, needlestick injuries,
razors etc.
• Standard precautions only
– Personal protective equipment when anticipating
contact with body fluids
• Safe handling of sharps
Geographic Distribution of Chronic HBV Infection
HBsAg Prevalence
8% - High
2-7% - Intermediate
<2% - Low
Q Fever
• Q fever is a highly infectious disease that
is carried by animals and passed to
humans
• People who work with livestock are at
highest risk of the disease and it is very
prevalent in Queensland
• Vaccine available for people who work
with or come into contact with animals
Hepatitis A
•
•
•
•
•
Transmission – faecal/oral
Liver virus
Vaccine preventable
Hand hygiene
Wearing of PPE
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF
HEPATITIS A VIRUS INFECTION
Infectious Gastroenteritis
Management of Infectious Gastroenteritis in
Aged Care Facilities. January 2005
5.9 SOILED LINEN
• Ensure minimal handling of soiled linen and
clothes to avoid microbial contamination of
the air and staff
• Soiled linen should be placed in collection
bags immediately
•
• ‘Hosing off’ gross soiling from clothing/ linen
prior to laundering should be done away
from resident facilities and should be
performed with extreme care
• The wearing of face protection, gowns and
gloves is essential for this procedure
• Transport used linen in an enclosed bag and
place the linen bag in a plastic outer bag if
leakage is anticipated
• Wash linen as usual in detergent, for the
maximum washing cycle and then dry
Immunisation
•
•
•
•
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Tetanus
Influenza – prevent sick leave,
absenteeism
Conclusion
• Prevent infections by following Standard
Precautions
• All blood and body fluids are potentially
infectious
• Always use PPE when handling
soiled/dirty linen prior to cleaning
• Education/training for all staff
• Immunise for preventable diseases