Download Insulin Delivery

Insulin Delivery:
Pumps and Glucose
Anna Zhu
BME 410
11/18/04
The Problem: Diabetes
18.2 million people in the US estimated to
have Diabetes. (2002)
 130 million people worldwide.
 10-25% with Type I – Insulin Dependent
Diabetes Mellitus.
 After 5 to 20 years, Type II patients often
also become insulin dependent
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Type I Diabetes
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aka Insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenileonset diabetes
The body’s own immune system destroys
pancreatic beta cells, the only cells that make
insulin.
Low levels of insulin production cannot
adequately regulate blood sugar levels
Can be caused by autoimmune, genetic, or
environmental factors
Patients must administer insulin multiple times
daily, especially before meal times
Type II Diabetes
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Non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
A problem in the way the body makes or uses
insulin
Can be caused by insulin resistance, obesity,
high cholesterol, and high blood pressure
Increased risk due to genetics, family history,
environmental factors (low activity, poor diet),
age, hypertension, or race/ethnicity.
Treatment through dietary management, weight
control, and blood glucose management
Condition cannot be treated with insulin therapy
Insulin
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Hormone secreted by beta
cells from the islet of
Langerhans of the pancreas
Response to increase in blood
sugar level (ie after a meal)
Promotes the transfer of
glucose from blood to various
body cells by binding and
activating glucose receptors
Aids in conversion of absorbed
glucose into glycogen
No Insulin = No glucose
breakdown and no energy to
cells
Insulin Production
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Genetically engineered insulin same as what is
made in the human body.
• Produced by special non-disease-producing laboratory
strain of Escherichia coli bacteria that is genetically altered
with the gene for human insulin production.
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Comes in very short-acting, intermediate, and
long-acting forms
A single type may be used, or a mixture of two
types may be used depending on the need of
the patient
Types of Insulin
Type
Names
Ultra short
(clear)
Lispro
(Humalog)
5-15 mins
45-90 mins
2-4 hours
Short (clear)
Regular (R)
30 mins
2-5 hours
5-8 hours
Intermedicate NPH (N) or
(cloudy)
Lente (L)
6-12 hours
6-12 hours
16-24 hours
Long Acting
4-6 hours
8-20 hours
24-28 hours
Ultralente
(U)
Starts to
work
Peak
effectiveness
Duration
Important Factors in
Choosing the Right Pump
Size and Weight
 Insulin storage capacity
 Ease of Use – Menu and Operations
 Basal (continuous) and Bolus (before
meals or high blood glucose) Rates
 Data and Memory
 Special Features
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Current Products
Animas Corp: IR 1200
Deltec: Cozmo
Medtronic: Paradigm
DanaDiabecare: Dana
Animas Corporation:
IR 1200 Insulin Pump
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Currently the world’s smallest
full feature pump
2.9”x2.0”x0.76” - 3.13 oz
Stores 200 units of U-100
insulin
Large size menu driven
interface
Long battery life – 6-8 weeks
with 1 AA lithium
Waterproof 12 ft - 24hrs
Super-low basal rate 0.025
U/hr to 25 U/hr
IR 1200: Special Features
Download capable – ezManager Plus
 Nonvolatile memory
 Patented sensor and algorithm to detect
occlusions promptly
 Meal bolus and BG check reminders
 User set near empty reminders in
increments of 10 U
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