Download Body System Organization - Appoquinimink High School

Body System Organization
Cardiovascular
System
• Brings oxygen and
nutrients to the body cells
and removes waste
• Comprised of a pump and
its vessels
• Closed system
• If didn’t exist, no oxygen or
nutrients would be
delivered, CO2/wastes
would build up
Respiratory system
• Primary function is to
obtaining oxygen and
removing CO2
• Includes tubes that remove
particles from incoming air &
transport air into and out of
the lungs
• gas exchange between the
atmosphere and body cells
= respiration
• Oxygen utilization and
carbon dioxide production in
the cells = cellular respiration
Skeletal System
• Made up of bones that
provide points of
attachment for muscles,
protect and support softer
tissue, house blood
producing cells, store
inorganic salts, and provide
pathways for blood vessels
and nerves
Integumentary System
• Cutaneous
membrane, aka skin
• Other accessory
organs
• Protect the body from
drying out and having
foreign items entering
in
Muscular System
• Muscles and organs
composed of
specialized cells that
use chemical energy
stored in nutrients to
contract
• Actions include: muscle
tone, propel body fluids
and food, generate
heartbeat, and
distribute heat
Nervous
System
• Sensory information is brought
into and sent out of the brain and
spinal cord
• Comprised of neurons, aka
nerve cells
• Nerve impulses are chemical
reactions
• Dendrites and axons are
extensions of the cell
• nervous tissue – bundles of
axons and neuroglial cells
• Can be divided into two systems
– Central nervous system and
peripheral nervous system
Endocrine System
• Endocrine glands –
secrete hormones
• Act on cells called target
cells
• Can be used as
messenger molecules –
paracrine and autocrine
• Exocrine glands –
secrete “stuff” outside the
body.
Lymphatic and
Immunity System
• Network of vessels and
transports fluids
• Similar to the
cardiovascular system
• Carry away excess fluids
from body to blood
stream
• Launch both generalized
and targeted attacks
against foreign objects
or toxins
Digestive System
• Mechanical and
chemical breakdown of
foods
• Absorption of resulting
nutrients by cells.
• Consists of the
alimentary canal –
mouth to anus.
• 186 sq. meters long
• Supplies body cells with
nutrients
Urinary System
• Removes salts and nitrogenous
wastes
• Helps to maintain normal
concentrations of water and
electrolytes
• Regulates pH and volume of
body fluid
• Helps to control red blood cell
production and blood pressure
• Kidneys – remove substances
and regulate metabolism
• Ureters – transport urine from
kidneys
• Urinary bladder – stores urine
• Urethra – moves urine outside
the body