Download HUMAN Body systems and Major Organs

HUMAN Body systems and Major Organs
1.Circulatory: Move gas, water, nutrients, waste around body\
A. Heart – pumps blood
B. Blood vessels – control where blood moves
1. Arteries - Away from heart
2. Veins - Return to heart, one way valves
3. Capillaries – leaky vessels that are site of cellular connection
C. Blood – carries nutrients and gasses
1. Red Blood Cells – carries O2 to and CO2 away from cells
2. White BC – Fight infection
3. Platelets – clotting factor
4. Plasma – carries water, nutrients, dissolved gasses to
and
wastes away from cells
2. Respiratory: Gas exchange
A. Lungs – Allows O2 into and CO2 out of body at Alveoli
3. Digestive: Break down, absorb nutrients, excretes solid waste
A. Stomach - stores food (6 hrs), breaks down proteins
B. Small Intestine – site of digestion and absorption of nutrients (villi)
C. Large Intestine – reabsorb water, eliminate solid waste
D. Liver – break down toxins (poisons); make digestive enzymes (bile)
E. Pancreas – make digestive enzymes, insulin
F. Gall Bladder – store bile
Esophagus –tube to stomach
Salivary glands – begin breakdown of starch
4. Skeletal: Protection, structure, support, movement
A. Bones - Protection, structure, support, movement, adult stem cells make
blood cells
B. Ligaments – connect bone to bone
C. Cartilage - cushions bones from each other
5. Muscular: Muscles (3 types) Movement.
A. Skeletal - moves attached to 2 bones (contract/relax)
Tendons attach bone to muscle
B. Smooth - one way movement
C. Cardiac (heart) – many endings, multi-nulceated
6. Urinary: Filter waste from blood, salt balance
A. Kidneys Filter blood and maintain water and salt balance at nephron
B. Urinary bladder – stores urine, reabsorbs water
7.Integumentary: Protection from infection, sense of touch
A. Skin – sense pain/pleasure, hot/cold, shallow/deep pressure
8. Reproductive: Produce offspring
A. Ovaries – make eggs
B. Testes – make sperm
9. Nervous: Controls body through nerves (neurons)
A. Brain – thought, memory, analysis and control of body
B. Spinal Cord – information to and from body, some control (reflexes)
C. Peripheral nervous system – sensory input, muscle movement
D. Sensory organs – sight, sound, taste, smell
10. Endocrine: Control body through hormones (+ or -)
A. Glands (Pituitary thyroid pancreas, etc.) produce hormones
11. Immune: Fight disease, infection
A. Spleen – breaks down blood cells, reabsorbs them
B. White blood cells – Eat foreign organisms
12. Lymphatic: Collecting system – absorbs material released form
circulatory
A. Lymph nodes – points of connection
B. Lymph vessels - collect fluid from circulatory system
C. Spleen – connection point for lymph system