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Roughly how many different minerals are there in the
Earth’s crust?
3,000
Define mineral
An inorganic sold with a repeating crystalline
structure
How many crystal systems are there?
6
What is the molten material beneath the Earth’s
surface?
Magma
Aside from the cooling of magma, what is the other
way in which minerals can form?
Cooling from solution
What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s
crust?
Oxygen
This family contains Oxygen and Silicon. They can
form into single or double chains and sheets.
Silicates
This family will fizz when you put acid on them due to
having CO3 as their structure.
Carbonates
This family is composed of one element
Native elements
This family is made of Oxygen and a metal.
Oxides
What is the name for the silicon and oxygen structure
that forms the silicates?
Oxygen silica tetrahedron
Cleavage or Fracture?
Calcite
Cleavage
Cleavage or Fracture?
Quartz
Fracture
Cleavage or Fracture?
Feldspar
Cleavage
Cleavage or Fracture?
Biotite Mica
Cleavage
Cleavage or Fracture?
Pyrite
Fracture
What is Moh’s hardness scale?
A scale 0f 1-10 that rates the hardness of minerals
If you can scratch it with a penny, it is what hardness
or less?
3
What are your two choices for luster?
Metallic and non metallic
Which mineral always has a brick red streak?
Hematite
Which is the least useful characteristic for identifying
minerals and why?
Color, because many minerals have the same color as
each other (ex: lots of white minerals), and a mineral
may have multiple colors (ex: Quartz can be colorless,
white, pink, black, purple).
What is the formula for density?
Density = Mass
Volume
What is the denominator for % deviation?
Accepted value
What is the hardness of Quartz?
7
Which mineral will fizz when you put acid on it?
Calcite
Which mineral has iron, a brassy yellow color, and a
different color than its streak?
Pyrite
What is the percent by volume amount of Oxygen in
the Earth’s crust?
94.04%
What is the second most abundant element in the
Earth’s crust?
Silicon
Which mineral has fracture, a hardness of 7 and a
SiO2 composition?
Quartz
What determines a minerals density, color, cleavage
or fracture, and other mineral properties?
Internal arrangement of atoms
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Hematite
Metallic or nonmetallic
Hardness of 5.5-6.5 or 1
Fracture
Metallic silver or earthy red
Red streak
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Quartz (Amethyst)
Hardness of 7 -> no streak
Fracture
Nonmetallic
Clear, purple, pink, Smokey, white
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Halite
Nonmetalic
Hardness of 2.5
Cleavage
Colorless to white
Cubic cleavage and salty taste
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Pyrite
Metallic
Hardness of 6.5
Fracture
Brassy yellow, gold
Green black streak (fools gold)
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Talc
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 1
Cleavage
White to green
Greasy feel
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Magnetite
Metallic
Hardness of 5.5-6.5
Cleavage
Black to silver
Magnetic properties
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Galena
Metallic
Hardness of 2.5
Cleavage
Metallic silver
Cubic cleavage density of 7.6 g/cm^3
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Biotite mica
Nonmetalic
Hardness of 2.5-3
Cleavage
Black to dark Brown
Flexible in thin sheets
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Calcite
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 3
Cleavage
White or clear
Bubbles in acid
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Potassium (orthoclase) feldspar
Nonmetalic
Hardness of 6
Cleavage in 2 directions at 90 degrees
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Sulfur
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 2
Fracture
White yellow streak
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Selenite gypsum
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 2
Cleavage
White to pink or grey
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Fluorite
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 4
Cleavage
Colorless or variable (green is common)
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Graphite
Metallic
Hardness of 1-2
Cleavage
Silver to gray
Black streak greasy feel
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Muscovite mica
Non metallic
Hardness of 2-2.5
Cleavage
Colorless to yellow
Flexible in this sheets
Identify and list the properties of this mineral?
Plagioclase feldspar
Nonmetallic
Hardness of 6
Cleavage
White to gray
Cleaves in 2 directions, striations visible
What is the worlds largest fish?
Whale Shark
What is the world record holder for the tallest tree?
Coast red woods
What is the world’s most massive tree
Giant Sequoias
Why can’t you catch a cold in Antarctica?
It’s too cold for the virus/germs to survive
What is the world’s smallest mammal? There are two
possible answers...
The Etruscan shrew shares the title of world's
smallest mammal with a fascinating creature from
Thailand: Kitti's hog-nosed bat (Craseonycteris
thonglongyai), also known as the bumblebee bat
What is the worlds fastest bird? (not in a dive)
The WHITE-THROATED NEEDLETAIL
What is the worlds current population
Just over 7 Billion (2015)
What is the worlds longest snake?
Reticulated python
What is the worlds largest turtle?
Leatherback