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Transcript
CHAPTER 13 13.1 STUDENT NOTES How Did Evolutionary Thought Evolve? (Figure 13-1) A. Early Biological Thought Did Not Include the Concept of ________________ (Figure 13-2) B. Exploration of New Lands Revealed a Staggering Diversity of Life C. A Few Scientists Speculated That Life Had Evolved D. ___________ Discoveries Showed That Life Has Changed over Time (Figure 13-3) E. Some Scientists Devised ___________________ Explanations for Fossils F. ________________ Provided Evidence That Earth Is Exceedingly Old G. Some _____-___________ Biologists Proposed Mechanisms for Evolution H. ____________ an____________ Proposed a Mechanism of Evolution (Figure 13-5) 13.2 How Does Natural Selection Work? A. Darwin and Wallace’s Theory Rests on __________ Postulates B. Postulate 1: Individuals in a ______________ __________ (Figure 13-6) C. Postulate 2: Traits Are Passed from ____________ to ____________ D. Postulate 3: Some Individuals Fail to Survive and Reproduce E. Postulate 4: __________________ and ___________________ Are Not Determined by Chance F. ______________ _________________ Modifies Populations over Time 13.3 How Do We Know That Evolution Has Occurred? A. ______________ Provide Evidence of Evolutionary Change over Time (Figure 13-7) B. __________________ ______________ Gives Evidence of Descent with Modification 1. _________________ structures provide evidence of common ancestry (Figure 13-8) 2. Functionless structures are _____________ from ancestors (Figure 13-9) 3. Some anatomical similarities result from _____________ in similar ___________________ (Figure 13-10) C. ___________________ Similarity Suggests Common Ancestry (Figure 13-11) D. Modern Biochemical and Genetic Analyses Reveal _________________ among _______________ Organisms (Figure 13-12) 13.4 What Is the Evidence That Populations Evolve by Natural Selection? A. Controlled Breeding ______________ _______________ (Figure 13-13) B. Evolution by _______________ ________________ Occurs Today 1. Brighter ________________ can evolve when fewer ______________ are present (Figure 13-14) 2. Natural selection can lead to ___________________ resistance 3. __________________ can demonstrate natural selection (Figure 13-15) 4. Selection acts on random variation to favor the ___________________ that work best in particular environments