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Transcript
The LINUX Operating System • By Cathy Thiaw • ID # 89261 • COSC 513 • SEU Lecturer: M. Anvari ‘99 Summer Term What’s Linux? • an OS initially created by Linus Torvalds (Finland) and a team working over the Internet; • developed from MINIX, a small Unix system; • An open and free operating system, adaptable to meet individuals needs; Linux Features • • • • • • Multitasking Virtual memory Shared libraries Multi_users capabilities X-windows systems Run most Unix programs Linux Features • Advanced networking capabilities: LAN or WAN setting, different types of protocols, fast TCP/IP drivers • Support for Macintosh, Windows, NT, Novell, OS/2 • Server or Client Resource Management • Use of semaphores • 1 process at a time can access to some resource • The semaphore data structure includes a count of number of processes that wish to use a resource, a waking parameter (number of processes waiting to be woken up), and a wait queue. Processes on Linux • Interprocess-communications: Unix -liked mechanisms of signals, pipes and semaphores, shared memory... • Relationships parent / child process • Most process has virtual memory Processes on Linux • Max number of processes in the system: 512 • State process: – – – – *running *waiting: interruptible or uninterruptible -*stopped *zombie: dead process Security • Security on Linux is comparable with most Unix system • Security tools : firewalls, packets filtering, encryption, kerberos… are available • Monitoring (logs) and audit of logon activities, resource utilization …available Comparison with other OS • Windows NT • BSDI • Solaris 7.0 Network Inter-operability • Runnable foreign libraries: • -Linux2.2: Windows 3.*-98 Mac (Executor), SCO and some other Intel based SysV's(iBCS) • NT4: MAC(Executor),dos, windows 3.1/W32 • BSDI: DOS, support for Linux in development • Solaris: Macintosh,Windows 3.1 Network and Inter-operability • Mountable filesystems • Linux 2.2: FAT, FS readonly,HPFS read-only (OS/2), iso9660 (CDROM), minix, NTFS (read-only), HFS (MacOS)… • NT4: FAT, NTFS, iso9660 • BSDI: iso9660 • Solaris: UFS, FAT (dos, windows),UFS, iso9660… OS Convenience • Bug fix and other updates: • Linux2.2.: Freely download able • NT4: not free • BSDI: Some minor, updates/bugfixes can be downloaded freely. • Solaris7.0: not free