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Rocks and Minerals
Vocabulary and Notes
Directions: For each vocabulary word box you will need to write the book definition, find the
picture that matches the word, and add any additional/ helpful notes.
List of Vocabulary words:
Minerals
Crystals
Density
Hardness
Luster
Mass
Streak
Volume
Book Definition
1. Minerals
Picture
Cleavage
Fracture
Rocks
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
Rock Cycle
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
2. Crystals
Additional Notes
Directions: Match the pictures with the correct type of crystal system
1. _________________________
2. __________________________
3. ___________________________
4.
___________________________
5.
___________________________
6. ______________________________
Book Definition
Picture
3.
Hardness
Additional Notes
Mohs Scale
Hardness
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Book Definition
Picture
4. Luster
Hardness of Common Object
Additional Notes
Book Definition
5. Streak
Picture
Additional Notes
Book Definition
6. Fracture
Picture
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
Additional Notes
7. Cleavage
Applying Science
How can you identify minerals?
You have learned that minerals are identified by their physical properties, such as streak, hardness,
cleavage, and color. Use your knowledge of mineral properties and your ability to read a table to solve
the following problems.
Properties of Minerals
Mineral
Copper
Galena
Gold
Hematite
Magnetite
Silver
Hardness
2.5-3
2.5
2.5-3
5.5-6.5
6-6.5
2.5-3
Streak
Copper-red
Dark gray
Yellow
Red to brown
Black
Silver-white
Identifying the Problem
The table includes hardness and streak color for several minerals. How can you use these data to
distinguish minerals? ____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Solving the Problem
1. What test would you perform to distinguish hematit from copper? How could you carry out this
test?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. How could you distinguish copper form galena? What tool would you use?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What would you do it two minerals had the same hardness and the same steak color?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Book Definition
Picture
Additional Notes
8. Mass
Book Definition
9. Density
Picture
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
10. Volume
Additional Notes
Minerals Review Questions
Explain the difference between the vocabulary words in each of the following sets
1. Cleavage Vs. Fracture
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Crystal Vs. Mineral
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Luster Vs. Streak
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which is a characteristic of a mineral?
a. It can be a liquid
b. It is organic
c. It has no crystal structure
d. It is inorganic
5. What is the measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched?
a. Luster
b. Hardness
c. Cleavage
d. Fracture
6. Which is hardest on Mohs scale?
a. Talc
b. Quartz
c. Diamond
d. Feldspar
Book Definition
Picture
11. Rocks
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
12. Rock
Cycle
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
13. Igneous
Additional Notes
Book Definition
Picture
Additional Notes
14.
Metamorphic
Book Definition
Picture
15.
Sedimentary
Additional Notes
Rocks Review Questions
Explain the difference between the vocabulary words in each of the following sets
1. Foliated VS. Nonfoliated
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Extrusive Vs. Intrusive
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Metamorphic Vs. Igneous Vs. Sedimentary
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. During metamorphism of granite into gneiss, what happens to minerals?
a. They partly melt
b. They become new sediments
c. They grow smaller
d. They align into layers
5. Which rock has large mineral grains?
a. Granite
b. Basalt
c. Obsidian
d. Pumice
6. Which of the following rocks is a metamorphic rock?
a. Shale
b. Granite
c. Slate
d. Pumice
7. What forms when rocks are weathered and eroded?
a. Igneous rock
b. Sediment
c. Sedimentary rock
d. Metamorphic rock