Download something to use up the electrical energy

Electrical appliances cannot work using static electricity. They
need a constant flow of moving charges: this is called electric
current or current electricity. Moving charges need an
unbroken path to flow along: scientists call this an electric
circuit. No current will flow if the circuit has a
break in it.
A circuit needs four things:
• a source of electrical energy, such as a
battery cell,
power pack or power point
• a switch to turn the circuit on and off
• something to use up the electrical
energy, such as a
globe, motor or heating element
• wires to connect all the parts.
Current measures the amount of charge flowing around a circuit
every second. A large current has more charge flowing every second than
a small current.
Current is measured in a unit called ampere (A), which is sometimes
shortened to ‘amps’. Milliamps (mA) are used to measure small currents and
microamps (μA) measure even smaller currents. A milliamp is one-thousandth
the size of an ampere. A microamp is one-millionth the size of
an amp.
An instrument called an ammeter measures current. It must be placed
within the path of the current to be measured. This involves ‘breaking’ the
circuit and inserting the ammeter.
Voltage is a measure of the amount of energy available
to push charges around a circuit. Voltage is supplied by batteries, power
packs or power points. Using the water analogy, voltage is like the pressure that
pushes water through pipes. The more pressure it has, the more energy it has
to use.Voltage is measured in volts (unit symbol V).
An instrument called a voltmeter measures the energy used in a
particular section of a circuit.
A battery, power pack or power point provides all the electrical energy
and voltage to a circuit. This energy source acts as a charge pump. It
creates an electric field that pushes electrons around the circuit, just
like the way a water pump creates pressure that pushes water through
pipes. Electricity in the home typically comes from a power point or
batteries. Power points and batteries supply energy to the electrons so
that they can travel around their circuit. In the water analogy, power
points and batteries are our pumps. Nothing would get moving without
them.
Power points supply most of the electricity in your home and should be
treated with extreme care. The 240 volts they supply can be deadly, so
always make sure that the switch is off before connecting or disconnecting
appliances.
Batteries are used when you need a portable source of electricity. A
typical small battery, such as an AA battery, provides 1.5 volts, while a car
battery supplies12 volts.
A conductor is a substance that allows current to flow through it
easily. Metals are conductors of electricity. Copper wire is a low cost and
widely available conductor commonly used in electric circuits around
the house, in factories and in the car. Aluminium is more expensive but is
used where copper would be too heavy, such as high-voltage transmission
lines that need to be strung between tall and distant pylons. Materials
that do not normally allow current to pass through them are
called insulators. Plastic and rubber are two very effective insulators.
Electrical circuits
A circuit needs four things:
• a source of electrical energy
• a switch to turn the circuit on and off
• something to use up the electrical energy,
• wires to connect all the parts.
Current
Current measures the amount of charge flowing around a circuit
every second.
Current is measured in a unit called ampere (A)
An instrument called an ammeter measures current.
Voltage
Voltage is a measure of the amount of energy available
to push charges around a circuit.
An instrument called a voltmeter measures the energy used in a
particular section of a circuit.
Conductors
A conductor is a substance that allows current to flow through it
easily.