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Microbiology : Bacteria, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, reproduction and Growth Reading Assignment: 2.4 Bacteria, from Nelson Text pages108112 1. Bacteria can be classified into 2 kingdoms, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. All bacteria possess the following similarities: all cells are unicellular cells are prokaryotic(bacteria usually lack membrane bound internal structures cells have a single DNA loop cells reproduce asexually by binary fission cells thrive in moist environments There are 2 types of cells 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nP9lZG94DO0 There are 2 types of cells eukaryotic and prokaryotic plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, meaning true nucleus bacterial cells are prokaryotic, meaning before nucleus Prokaryotic bacterial cell 2 Eukaryotic Animal cell 3 Archaebacteria means early or primitive these organisms come from the oldest group of living organisms on earth 3 major groups of archaebacteria thermophiles live in hot areas methanogens grow on carbon dioxide and hygrogen to produce methane halophileslive in extremely saline environments this group is used by scientists to clean up environmental spills Eubacteria E.Coli best example of eubacteria E. Coli is both helpful and harmful to humans, billions of E. Coli live in the human intestine, helping with food digestion and the synthesis of Vitmain K and B Human and animal feces contain billions of E. Coli ( coliform bacteria) in water can be adanger to human health. 4 Eubacteria best example is E. Coli Eubacteria are prokayotic, the most abundant prokaryotic on earth, include the photosynthesizing blue green algae 5 Bacteria can be groupedand named by there shape, there are 3 common shapes spherical or round bacteria are called cocci rod shaped bacteria are calledbacilli spiral or coil shaped bacteria are calledspirilla so it is very easy to determine the shape of a bacterium by looking at its name, staphylococcus bcterium is round because the suffix coccus indicates the round shape of the bacteria. Many Bacteria reproduce by Binary Fission, this is asexual because there is no exchange of DNA between cells Reproduction can also happen by conjugation this is when a tube forms between 2 bacterium adn small pieces of DNA are passed through the tube and the result is a genetically different bacterium 6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEdX4MaMFE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cD3U2pgb5w http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= 3cD3U2pgb5w&feature=player_detailpage 7