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Biology Review L.15.6 – Classification
Discuss distinguishing characteristics of the
domains and kingdoms of living organisms.
• Classify organisms based on the distinguishing
characteristics of the domains and/or kingdoms
of living organisms.
• Identify and/or describe how and/or why
organisms are hierarchically classified based on
evolutionary relationships.
• Identify and/or explain the reasons for changes in
how organisms are classified.
Students will:
Explain how and why organisms are hierarchically classified based on evolutionary
relationships.
Create a cladogram to differentiate the characteristics of five or more organisms
Analyze a cladogram to determine evolutionary relationships among various organisms
Explain why the classification of an organism may change, for example:
using genetic evidence to show common ancestry
technological advances such as improved microscope
molecular analysis (cell wall of bacteria and archaea)
discovery of new organisms
Determine if an organism is:
prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic
unicellular vs. multi‐cellular
autotrophs vs. heterotrophs
Classify organisms using distinguishing characteristics into the three domains:
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
Classify organisms using distinguishing characteristics into the six kingdoms:
Archaea, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
What are the 3 Domains, the kingdoms in
the domain, and the characteristics of the
organisms in each Domain
Domains
1. Bacteria- Prokaryotic organism that HAS
peptidoglycan in its cells walls
•
Kingdom: Eubacteria
2. Archea- Prokaryotic organism that LACKS
peptidoglycan in its cells walls
•
Kingdom: Archeabacteria
3. Eukarya- Made of eukaryotic cells
•
Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae
What are the key characteristics of
organisms in the 6 kingdoms?
6 Kingdoms:
1. Eubacteria-prokaryotic, “normal,” asexual
2. Archaebacteria-prokaryotic, extreme environments,
asexual
3. Protista-eukaryotic, uni/multi, asexual/sexual
4. Fungi-eukaryotic, uni/multi, aborption
5. Plantae-eukaryotic, multi, photosynthesis, asexual/sexual
6. Animalia-eukaryotic, multi, heterotroph, sexual
http://video.about.com/biology/6-Kingdoms-of-Life.htm
How and why are organisms hierarchically classified
based on evolutionary relationships?
• Organisms are classified based on similarities in DNA
sequences, anatomical structures, embryology, and behavior.
• We classify organisms so scientists around the world can
effectively communicate.
– Ex: Scientific names
• Why have ways of classifying organisms changed over time?
As technology has increased organisms are reclassified due
to new molecular evidence.
Taxonomy/Classification
SC.912.L.15.6
Why have ways of classifying organisms
changed over time?
• As technology has increased organisms are
reclassified due to DNA (molecular) evidence.
Vocabulary
Autotroph
Binomial
nomenclature
Cladogram
Classification
Eukaryote
Genus
Heterotroph
Hierarchy
Phylogeny
Prokaryote
Species
Taxonomy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYL_8gv7RiE
Bozeman Video on Taxonomy and Classification