Download Ancient Greece Notes 2

žAncient Greece Notes 2
War with Persia
* At this time, 500BC, the ____________________________ Empire was the
greatest power.
* Athens assisted the city of Sardis in revolting against Persia and its
_________________ ______________. Sardis was a city controlled by Persia.
* King Darius vowed ________________________ on the Athenians for helping.
* Battle of Marathon – Outnumbered ______________________ defeats the
Persian army without any help from any other Greeks.
* The Brave 300 – ________________________ king, Leonidas and his army of
300 held back the Persians and King Xerxes. Their defeat was not a
failure because they had help the Persians back allowing other Greek
cities to organize their armies.
*Invasion of Peloponnesus – Themistocles and his Greek ships
_________________________the Persians by ramming the Persian ships and
then boarding for hand-to-hand attack.
Golden Age of Greece
* Athens and its allies formed the ________________________ league after the
defeat of Persia to defend Greece.
* In 461BC, Pericles became the chief ___________________________leader
making him the most powerful man in Athens for 33 years.
* Under Pericles, many great buildings were built.
*Parthenon – a __________________________ built for the goddess Athena.
*Phidias, the sculptor who was in charge of building the Parthenon
made a statue of _______________ ______ _____________________. This statue was
so great that it is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
Peloponnesian War
* Athens and Sparta go to war. ________________sought to rule all of Greece.
* By 413BC Athens fell to Sparta and the Athenian empire _______________.
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
* Socrates, a Greek ______________________________, believed that the purpose
of men was to understand what is right and good, and then to do it.
* He was condemned to death from false charges of corrupting youth.
* His ____________________________, Plato, carried on Socrates’ influence.
* Aristotle also studied with Plato. He is considered the _________________
of modern science.
Hippocrates
* The Father of ___________________________ – the first great doctor in history
was Hippocrates.
* He was believed to be descended from Aclepius, the god of
_________________________.
* He discovered that each part of the body had a special __________________
or task to perform.
* He founded a guild of physicians where members had to swear an oath
to heal, do no harm, and not to reveal patients’ secrets. This is called the
Hippocratic ____________________ that all physicians took until the end of
the 20th century.
Greek Legacy
* Democratic government – the idea of government by the people, trial
by jury, and _________________________ were introduced in 500BC.
* Modern science – They introduced ___________________________ of
medicine, physics, biology, and math.
* Greek art and architecture – many modern building designs
___________________Greek styles.
* Drama – Aristotle created the __________________ for drama. Movie
scriptwriters still use his ideas.
Alexander the Great
* Alexander the Great helped _________________ the ideas of the Greeks. He
was king of Macedonia in northern Greece and wanted his kingdom to
be large.
* He ___________________________________ an area as large as the U.S. in 10
years.
* In his new lands he ____________________________ Greek cities, Greek
language, and Greek ideas.