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Civil War Battles 1861-1865 Civil War Battles • 1861 • 1862 – Eastern Theatre – Western Theatre • 1863 – Eastern Theatre – Western Theatre • 1864 • 1865 1861 • Fort Sumter • Bull Run Fort Sumter • April 12, 1861 • Confederate Victory • Union Surrenders after 34 hour bombardment • Beauregard commanded the South, Anderson commanded the Fort for the Union • No casualties during the battle • 4 Union casualties during the surrender ceremony 1 killed and 3 Wounded • Starts the Civil War Bull Run • July 21, 1861 • North-McDowell • South- Beauregard and Johnston • Confederate Victory • Stonewall is Born • South fails to advance and capture Washington D.C. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Eastern Theatre 1862 • • • • Merrimack vs. Monitor Peninsula Campaign Antietam Fredericksburg Fredericksburg • CSA-Lee • USA-Burnside • Burnside is too cautious and does not take the town early. Union soldiers are forced to march through an open field to attack Confederates who were behind a wall and on top of a hill • Major Union defeat Angel of Marye’s Heights Richard Kirtland Merrimack vs. Monitor • C.S.S. Virginia(Merrimack) • Battle ends in a draw • U.S.S. Monitor • Presence of the Monitor stops the Merrimack from stopping the U.S. Blockade Pennisula Campaign • March-July 1862 • Series of Battles near Richmond, Virginia • CSA-Lee • USA-McClellan • Objective was to take Richmond • Lincoln fear D.C. is vulnerable to attack calls off McClellan • Draw Antietam • • • • • • • • September 1862 CSA- Lee USA –McClellan Lee’s Order #191 found by an Indiana Private Sunken Road Miller’s Cornfield Burnside’s Bridge More Americans die on this day, than anyother battle in American history. Western Theatre 1862 • Fort Henry and Fort Donelson • Shiloh • New Orleans New Orleans • Battle to control the mouth of the Mississippi River • USA-Farragut • Farragut is able to get his ships past the defenses of New Orleans and is able to control the city and later the port. • Damn the Torpedoes, Full Speed Ahead Shiloh • USA-Grant/Sherman • CSA-Beauregard/ S.Johnston Conf. Catch Union by surprise pin them against the Tenn. River. Union regroups the second day • • • • • Costly Union Victory Hornet’s Nest Bloody Pond Union Gunboats Grant criticized as a butcher Fort Henry and Fort Donelson • USA- Grant • Two key forts along the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers in Tennessee • Both Union victories • Grant issues an order of an unconditional surrender • Helps with the Anaconda Plan • Used both naval and army forces to win the battle Eastern Theatre 1863 • Chancerllorsville • Gettysburg Gettysburg • USA-Meade • CSA-Lee • Turning point of the War • Lee goes into battle without proper information • July 1,2,3 1863 • Union Victory -Lack of water for Hood’s men at Devil Den -Rebels are spotted looking for shoes in Gettysburg and the battle ensues -On the third day, The Union uses a fishhook to stop Pickett’s Charge Fishhook Defense Chancellorsville • USA-Hooker • CSA-Jackson • Lee splits his forces up at Fredericksburg and has Jackson launch a surpise attack on the Union • Jackson is later mistakenly shot by his own men at night • Jackson dies of pneumonia as a result of the wounds • Confederate Victory Western Theatre 1863 • Vicksburg • Chickamauga Vicksburg • "Vicksburg is the key. The war can never be brought to a close until the key is in our pocket," said. Union President Abraham Lincoln • "Vicksburg is the nail head that holds the South's two halves together," said Confederate President Jefferson Davis Chickamauga • CSA-Braxton Bragg • USA-William Rosecrans • CSA Victory • Fought because of the need to control Chattanooga. Vicksburg • USA-Grant • CSA-Pemberton • Union Siege Victory • Allowed the Union to control the Mississippi River 1864 • • • • • • Wilderness Cold Harbor Siege of Petersburg Kennesaw Mountain Atlanta Sherman’s March to the Sea 1865 • Beginning of the End – Five Forks – Fall of Richmond – Fall of Petersburg – Appomatox Courthouse