Download Battles of the Civil War 1862

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Transcript
What were the outcomes of the battles for both sides by
the end of 1862?
First Battle of Civil War
Bull Run or 1st Manassas
• July 21, 1861
• Both armies are unseasoned and
“green”
• Geographical location: short
distance South and West of
Washington DC
Bull
st
Run/1
Manassas
• The Confederate Army
•
•
•
•
Defend the crossroads
Defend the railway
Occupy the high ground
Draw “Billy Yank” into a fight on
the ground of their choosing
• Good showing…
• The Union Army
• Swift victory
• Capture the railway
• Threaten the rear of the Rebel
Army
• Destroy the Army if possible
• Relieve pressure on Washington
DC
• Civilians show up with a picnic lunch to
watch!
• Both Armies prepare to attack the others
left flank
• The fighting is close, personal and
BLOODY
• 4700 casualties
• Now everyone knows what is in store for
the Union
• Monitor and the Merrimack (renamed CSS Virginia)
March 9, 1862
• Also called the Battle of Hampton Roads OR Battle of
the Ironclads
• Ended in a draw; Union claimed victory
• Forts Henry and Donelson (February 1862)
• Protect Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers from Union
• Forts fall to “Unconditional Surrender” Grant1st Union
victory of the war
• Action on the Mississippi (April-June 1862)
• Union forces moved up Miss. R. and took New Orleans,
Baton Rouge, Natchez, Memphis
Shiloh (Pittsburg Landing)
• April 6-7 1862
• Tennessee
• First big battle in the “west”
• 23,000 casualties
• Union victory
• The country is shocked by the bloodshed
Seven Days Battle
• June 26 – July 2 1862
• Virginia
• 1st extended battle of the war
• Strategic Confederate victory
• McClellan vs. Lee
• Union withdrew from James
Peninsula in Virginia
Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)
• August 28-30th, 1862
• CSA under Stonewall Jackson
destroy Union supply base there
• Strategic Confederate victory
• Morale in the North sinks
Antietam
• Sept 17, 1862
• Maryland
• Single deadliest day of the war
• 23,000 casualties
• No clear winner: Confederates
retreat, Union claims victory
• Lincoln drops the Emancipation
Proclamation
Fredericksburg
• Dec 11th -13th 1862
• Virginia
• Urban combat
• Irish Brigade losses 50% of its men
• 18,000 casualties
• Confederate victory!
"It is well that war is so terrible, or we
should grow too fond of it.“
Gen. Robert E. Lee