Download to Unit 3 - Ancient Greece Notes

CP World History
Name ________________________________
Date _____________________ Pd ________
The Geography and City-States of Ancient Greece
I. Classical Civilizations
A. After the ____________________________________ era, a number of ____________________ civilizations developed
in the Mediterranean and in Asia
B. Classic cultures created high levels of achievement in ___________, science, & _____________________________ that
impacted _______________________________
C. The first major classical civilization was ancient _______________________
II. Ancient Greece
A. The Impact of Geography on Greece
1. Class Activity: How did geography impact ancient Greece?
2. Greece’s _________ of natural resources & location on the Mediterranean Sea encouraged Greek _______________
with neighboring societies
3. _________________________ covered about ______% of Greece which divided the people & made _____________
the Greek people nearly impossible
4. The Greeks developed independent city-states, called ___________, within each valley & its surrounding mountains
B. Greek Culture
1. Despite their lack of ____________, the Greeks shared some common characteristics:
a. Greeks shared the same _____________________________
b. Greek _____________________ was influenced by the Phoenician alphabet & became the basis for ___________
c. Greeks were __________________________ & believed that the gods were immortal but had ________________
qualities; Religion became the basis for Greek _____________________________
d. Most Greek city-states had an ___________________ that was the center for trade & government; City-states
had an ___________________________, a temple on a hill dedicated to a sacred ___________
2. Despite similar language & religion, the Greek polis were very ______________________________ from each other,
especially how they were _________________________
a. Some polis had a ________________________, a gov’t ruled by a king
b. Some polis had an ________________________, a gov’t ruled by elite _____________
c. Some polis like Sparta had an ________________________, a gov’t ruled by a small group of citizens
d. Some polis like Athens had a direct ___________________________, a gov’t ruled by citizens who ____________
on decisions
C. The Greek city-states ________________ & ________________ represented the differences among polis
1. Athenian society focused on ________________ & ________________:
a. Athens had a direct democracy in which both rich & poor citizens could ______________ & hold public office
b. Architects built the _________________________________ to honor the goddess Athena
c. Artists created ________________________________ sculptures
d. _________________________ had both comedies & tragedies
e. Philosophers _________________, Plato, & Aristotle questioned assumptions & the use of ________________ to
find answers to questions
2. Spartan society focused on ______________________________________________, not freedom & learning
a. Spartan men served in the military until ________ years old
b. Boys began military training at age ______
c. _____________________ ran family estates while men trained or fought
d. Spartans showed their strength during the ________________________________
3. Athens & Sparta ________________________ for influence in Greece & developed a strong ____________________
that eventually led to the _________________________________________________ War; Sparta defeated Athens,
but the war ______________________________ the Greeks
Athens
Democracy—form of government in which all citizens participated in governmental activities. This form of
government began in the Greek city-state of Athens. All Athenian citizens were equal before the law and
participated in the government. Slaves and women, however, were not allowed citizenship. Athenians
eventually abolished slavery and developed a direct democracy where citizens chose the members of the
powerful Assembly. Athenian youth were encouraged to develop artistic and intellectual talents to such a
degree that historians refer to their developments in the arts and politics as a “Golden Age.”
Sparta
Totalitarianism—form of government that uses force and power to rule a people. This form of culture had its
roots in the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. Within Sparta there existed three groups: slaves, known as
Helots; Spartan females, who were taught to be fit, brave, and patriotic; and Spartan males, all of whom
became warriors. Newborn males judged to be weak were left to die of exposure. At the age of seven, boys
left home to live in barracks and receive military training from older boys. Boys went barefoot, wore
minimal clothing (even in winter), practiced all forms of athletics, and received military instruction. They
married at age 20 but continued to live in the barracks, not with their wives. The Helots provided the
necessary food and labor for Spartan males and females.
Similarities:
Differences:
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