Download PHARMACOLOGY SKILLS 2

PHARMACOLOGY SKILLS- PART 2
NAME ______________________________
DUE DATE: 2/17/17
Full completion of each packet is required and will award the student 50/50 per packet to be placed in their Quiz,
Homework, and Skills Category. To earn full credit, the packet must be submitted on time and completed correctly.
Incomplete, late, or incorrectly completed packets will result in points deducted. THIS IS TO BE COMPLETED
INDIVDUALLY. IT IS NOT GROUP WORK. IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, PLEASE ASK DR. SIMMS.
PHARMACOLOGY BASICS
1) The trade name of a drug is also known as its ____________________ name.
It can be recognized by the symbol ____________________ placed after the name.
2) A _________________ is a powdered drug compressed into a capsule shaped tablet.
If it is __________________, the technician should know that when broken in half, it can be assumed there is equal
amounts of drug within each part.
3) A __________________ consists of a drug that is not dissolved in a liquid. The drug settles out at the bottom of the
bottle.
Before administering to an animal, the bottle needs to be ___________________.
4) A __________________ is a topical liquid that provides a soothing effect.
It should be applied to the skin by with a dabbing motion.
5)An _________________ is a small glass container with a neck.
To access the drug, the container must be carefully ____________________.
6) ____________________ drug use is using a drug in a way that is different from what is approved by the FDA.
One example is using a drug in a different ____________________ that is listed on the label.
7) A ___________________ must be established before a medication can be prescribed to a patient.
One rule of the relationship is that the veterinarian must have recently _____________________ the patient.
8) A __________________ drug has potential toxic effects or must be administered in a way that requires the services of
trained personnel.
All prescription veterinary products have: ________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________ written on the label.
9) Medications should be placed in ____________________ bottles if they are light-sensitive.
__________________ packets are used to prevent moisture accumulation with a medication bottle.
10) ____________________ drugs are poisonous to mammalian cells and are often used in the treatment of cancer.
Many of these drugs are ____________________, meaning they can cause birth defects.
11) _____________________ is altering the form of a medication, such as crushing a tablet and placing into a syrup.
This alteration must be performed by a _____________________.
PHARMACOKINETICS/PHARMACODYNAMICS REVIEW
1) ______________________ is the study of how a drug moves into, through, and out of the body.
________________________ the study of how the drug produces its effects on the body
2) The ______________________ is the ideal range of drug concentration in the body.
3) _____________________ can occur if concentrations in the body exceed the top of the therapeutic range.
4) A drug’s_____________________ is also known as its Margin of Safety.
The ___________________ this number is, the safer the drug is.
5) A ___________________ dose is the amount of drug designed to raise the drug concentration to the therapeutic
range in a short time.
A _______________________ dose maintains therapeutic concentrations established by the previous answer.
6) _____________________is a general term that means drug should be administered outside of the GI tract.
An ___________________ injection is administered within the skin.
______________________ injection is usually done accidentally, as it delivers large amounts of drug to a specific organ.
7) ___________________ is the movement of drug molecules from the site of administration to the systemic circulation.
___________________ injections skip this phase of pharmacokinetics as the drug is placed directly into the circulation.
8) All blood that circulates to the small intestines must travel through the _________________ on its way to the
systemic circulation.
This is also the main organ of ____________________, or metabolism of drugs.
9) If a drug is highly __________________-bound, most of the drug exists in an inactive form while in the circulation.
Animals with ____________________ should have their dose lowered to avoid toxicities.
10) The two major routes (not organs) of elimination are: __________________ and ________________.
11) The _____________________ of a drug is the rate at which drugs leave the body.
_____________________ is the point at which drug levels plateau and all peak concentrations are the same and all
trough concentrations are the same.
12) The ____________________ is the time (in days) after a drug is administered during which the animal cannot be
sent to slaughter and the eggs/milk must be discarded.
Following this insures that there are no __________________ of the drug in the tissues of the body when the time
period ends.
GI DRUG REVIEW
1) _____________________: Antibiotic that can be used to treat anaerobic bacteria and Giardia.
Clients should know to watch for _____________________ signs with high doses.
2) _____________________: OTC antidiarrheal that is anti-secretory and famously known for its pink color.
Clients should know that the stool can become ______________________.
3) _____________________: Adheres to ulcerations like a band-aid. Trade name is Carafate.
Clients should not give any other meds for ________ hours before or after it.
4) _____________________: Emetic of choice in cats that is also a sedative.
Reversal agent is __________________________.
5) _____________________: Prokinetic antiemetic that is a procainamide derivative.
Be sure to ask client if there’s any possibility of a __________________________.
6) _____________________: H2 receptor antagonist that is also known as Pepcid.
Clients like this particular drug because it is only administered ________ a day.
7) _____________________: Lubricant that is often used in horses to prevent/treat an impaction.
Clients looking for hairball preventives should look for labels that contain the product ____________________.
8) _____________________: This proton pump inhibitor is also known as Prevacid.
Proton pump inhibitors end in this suffix: _____________.
CARDIO DRUG REVIEW
1) _____________________ will be administered IV to patients who are in Ventricular Tachycardia.
Make sure that the bottle does not contain this drug: _____________________ as cardiac arrest can occur.
2) _____________________: This antiarrhythmic group shares a common suffix, “lol”.
A drug that causes the heart rate to increase is a positive ___________________.
3) Drugs that are positive ___________________ increase the contractility of the heart.
___________________ is a plant-derived drug in this category that has a narrow therapeutic index and long half-life.
4) __________________________________are a category of drugs that block Angiotensin Converting Enzyme.
Drugs in this category share the suffix ___________________.
5) ____________________: topical vasodilator that is applied to a hairless region of the pinna.
Clients should be cautioned to wear _____________________ to avoid being affected by the medication.
6) Loop diuretics work by blocking _____________________ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle.
The most common one used in veterinary medicine is furosemide, also known as _____________________.
7) ______________________ is a potassium-sparing diuretic that antagonizes the actions of _____________________.
Animals who are receiving diuretics should have access to _____________________ at all times.
URINARY DRUG REVIEW
1) _________________________ is a sympatholytic drug that opens the urethral sphincter when it is hyperreflexive.
_________________________ is a drug that works in the opposite manner by closing the sphincter.
2) ______________________ targets the bladder wall and promotes the retention of urine/less frequent urinations. It
acts on the __________________ muscle.
RESPIRATORY DRUG REVIEW
1) Many of the antitussives are ___________________ substances that are often also used for pain management.
The exception is ____________________, who is an OTC product that can often be identified by the placement of DM
on the label.
2) ___________________: Mucolytic that is often administered by nebulization.
Can also be given IV to reverse ______________________ toxicity.
3) ___________________ are drugs that stimulate a cough by liquefying mucus.
The most common drug used in this category is ____________________.
4) Nasal _____________________ reduce vascular engorgement.
Products containing ____________________ are OTC but require a minimum age to purchase as they can be used to
make methamphetamines.
5) Beta agonists stimulate beta ___________________ (number) receptors, causing bronchodilation.
A side effect is increased heart rate which is caused when beta ___________________ (number) receptors are also
stimulated.
6) ____________________ cause bronchodilation by preventing the degranulation of mast cells.
These drugs can be identified by the suffix: _____________________.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY REVIEW
1) The suffix associated with most glucocorticoids is: ____________________.
“Pred” steroids can be expected to last ____________________ hours.
2) ____________________-wasting due to protein catabolism is commonly seen with animals on long term
glucocorticoids.
Clients will note a classic ___________-____________ appearance to the animal’s abdomen.
3) Topical glucocorticoids should be not be used in the presence of a corneal _________________.
___________________ is a route of administration that is avoided with injectable glucocorticoid suspensions.
4) All NSAIDS inhibit this enzyme in the arachidonic acid pathway: ______________________.
The specific version of this enzyme is COX _____.
5) COX _____ is needed to maintain the health of the kidneys and stomach. In the stomach, this enzyme is needed to
prevent the formation of gastric _____________________.
6) ____________________ is a non-selective NSAID that is commonly known as “Bute”. The only acceptable way to
inject the medication is ________________________.
7) ________________________, also known as aspirin, should be avoided in cats due to limited hepatic enzymes or
metabolism of the drug.
________________________ should never be administered to a cat because of the formation of methemoglobin.
8) __________________ is the generic name for the Previcox. Rimadyl is the trade name for ___________________.