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Download Hinduism - Mrs. Silverman: Social Studies
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Hinduism One God, or Many? The Origins The Clashing of Cultures • From 2 groups of people emerged ONE DIVERSE RELIGION The Clashing of Cultures • Indus Valley: • Written language • Agriculture, industry & trade • Planned cities • Underground sewage system The Clashing of Cultures • Indo-Aryan: • Male dominated nomadic tribes • Herded animals • Warriors • No cities • No written language From the CLASH of THESE TWO CULTURES CAME: • Religious Writings • Distinct Social Structure; the CASTE system • Hinduism Religious Texts Religious Writings • The VEDAS: • “Books of Knowledge” • Oral Tradition; songs & prayers of the IndoAryans Religious Writings • The Mahabharata: • The story of a great war; includes Hindu mythology & philosophy • Focuses on Hindu culture & society Religious Writings • The Ramayana: • Story of a prince; wife abducted by a demon • Allegorical & religious meaning • Dharma Many Gods – Or One? • Brahman: • The allpowerful spiritual force Hindu Gods Many Gods – Or One? • Hindus believed that Brahman was too complex a concept for humans to understand; worshipped gods & goddesses who served as links to Brahman Many Gods – Or One? • 3 MAIN GODS: • Brahma • Vishnu • Shiva Hindu Gods Brahman One Divine Essence Unity + millions of other gods Gods - Many manifestations of Brahman Brahma The Creator Shiva The Destroyer Vishnu The Preserver Hindu Beliefs Major Hindu Beliefs • Reincarnation: • The cycle of rebirth • Atman: • The spirit that travels from birth to rebirth Major Hindu Beliefs • Karma: • Every action is punished or rewarded • Dharma: • One’s moral duty in life; varies according to caste, gender, etc. Major Hindu Beliefs • Ahimsa: • Non-violence & respect for life • Moksha: • Release from the pain & suffering associated with rebirth Major Hindu Beliefs • Ultimate goal of Hinduism; escape the cycle of rebirth & achieve UNION with Brahman