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Genetic and Molecular Evidence 19.3 History Darwin’s biggest problem in defending his theory of evolution was explaining how these variations are inherited. But with the 20th century, the study of genetics has provided much support in this topic. Mutations and Recombination A genetic variation could come in the form of mutation, and the recombination of alleles in sexual reproducing eukaryotes. Mutation is especially common in short repeating nucleotide sequences, or microsatellites. This happens because crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization produce new combinations of genes. DNA Sequences A kind of mutation that provides evidence for evolution are pseudogenes, or copies of DNA sequences that no longer function. They are not transcribed or translated and because they are not shown, they are not subjected they are not subjected to natural selection and accumulate mutations faster than normal functioning genes. Close Similarities Scientists can sequences of compare the amino homologous genes acid sequences of to show relation. homologous proteins in species to compare the different species. They can also compare the nucleotide